Study On The Extraction, Composition And Antipyretic Effect Of Aromatic Substance From Perilla Frutescens

Perillae frutescens is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, and is also one of sixty kinds of goods which are considered to be both food and drugs by National Ministry of Health. The volatile oil of Perillae frutescens has a lot of effects, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, sedative, antidepressant, antipyretic, antiemetic, relaxing blood vessels and so on. It can be applied in so many fields, including medical health, food, cosmetics and so on.The paper was focused on the optimum extraction conditions of the extract technology of aromatic substances in the leaves of Perillae frutescens which were extracted by distilling and microwave respectively, and then the constituents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), in the meantime, with scanning electron microscope (SEM), the damages to the structural of the cells were observed. Based on them, antipyretic effect of the volatile oil were also studied, the details were as follows:1.Based on single factor tests, the optimum extraction conditions of volatile oil from Perillae frutescens were obtained through response surface methodology:steam distilling time 3h, liquid to material ratio 5:1, soaking time 2h,5%NaCl, the actual detection value was 0.1517%, that was almost equal to the predictable value. Thirty-six compounds, identified by means of GC-MS, made up 97.83% of the volatile oil. The result showed that the main components were perillaldehyde(35.31%)and limonene(29.09%), so that the Perillae frutescens of the experiment belongs to the PA type. The Electron micrographs showed cell wall had little damage during the irradiation, but the cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplast and starch grain were all totally badly damaged.2. The concrete from Perilla frutescens were extracted by microwave method, the optimum extraction conditions were obtained through response surface methodology, then the constituents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), in the meantime, with scanning electron microscope (SEM), the damages to the structural of the cells were observed. The results were as follows:the optimum extraction conditions were:cyclohexane as solvent, microwave power of 329w, irradiation time of 80s, material to liquid ratio of 1:6, soaking time of 56min, the actual detection value was 1.783%, that was almost equal to the predictable value; Seventeen compounds, identified by means of GC-MS, made up 80.61% of the absolute, the result showed that the main components were perillaldehyde (44.54%) and D-limonene (15.7%). Under the SEM, we can find the cell wall had little damage during the irradiation,but the cell membrane and mitochondria were badly damaged, although the outline of several cellular organs were clear, including chloroplast and starch grain, they all had some contents exposed.3. The LD50 and 95% confidence limit of volatile oil of Perilla frutescens in mice is 0.707 (0.581～0.812) mL/kg. The high dose and the low dose of the volatile oil from the leaves of Perilla frutescens showed the effects of preventing the fever of rats which were induced by 2.4-dinitrophenol through subcutaneously injection, they both decreased the rectal temperature of rats (P<0.05, vs control), especially the high does of the volatile oil, it had a similar effect to analgin, there was no no significant difference between them.