The Research On The Chung-ching Region Marine Of Liao Dynasty

Liao territory, after six monarchs finally has been established. The end of Tang Dynasty,the khitan tribe on the basis of the original nomadic eastward expansion,possession of Liaodong region.Ye-lüA-pao-chi(耶律阿保机) been the I-li-chi(夷离堇) of I-la tribe(迭剌部),has surrendered Shih-wei(室韦),Nü-chen(女真) and other nationalities. Ye-lüA-pao-chi has replaced Yao-lien(遥辇) became emperor and estabilished the Liao Dynasty in 907 years. Khitan(契丹) has achieved a regime change in the history of national development.Since then,Ye-lüA-pao-chi gradually conquered Hsi tribe(奚族),exterminate Po-hai state(渤海国).Liao t'ai-tsung(辽太宗) reign,assistance to establish the Later chin, Northern Han and obtained sixteen state of Yanyun area.During the Liao Shih-tsung (辽世宗),Liao Mu-tsung (辽穆宗),Liao Ching-tsung (辽景宗),the Liao Dynasty contined with the Later Han,the Later Zhou,the Sung Dynasty war occurred, the boundary between liao and sung Dynasty is in the state of uncertainty,swinging north-south.Liao Sheng-tsung (辽圣宗) times, the Liao dynasty and the Sung dynasty concluded Chuan Yuan Peace Negotiation.As a result,the southern boundary of the Liao Dynasty was established,marking the determination of the Liao Dynasry territory,territorial seas means the final formation of the Liao Dynasty.Liao places and boeders bacause of Kao-li (高丽) and the Liao Dynasty,which is divided into southern,eastern sea-line of defense.The southern sea-line is located in Nan-ching circuit (南京道),Chung-ching circuit (中京道) and Tung-ching circuit (东京道),by the related chou and hsien (州县) of the Three circuits (三道) responsible for the management,defense,coastal defense objects to the Northern Sung (北宋) and Kao-li.The eastern sea-line belongs of the Tung-ching circuit,where lives Wu-jo (兀惹),Nü-chen and other tribes.The Liao Dynasty eatablish tribal commanding prefect (部族节度使) and Ta wang fu (大王府) in the charge of the management and the Zhenshu (镇戍),the main defense of Kao-li,Japannese invasion from the sea. Before the establishment of the Chung-ching circuit in Liao dynasty,in the coastal area of Chung-ching was management by the Administration of the king of Hsi (奚王府) and the Chin prefecture(锦州节度使),the Hsi people and the Han people are the main body of maritime activities.After the completion of the Chung-ching circuit,the chou and hsien of Chin prefecture,Lai prefecture (来州) become the coastal managers,Hsi people,Khitan people,Nü-chen people,Po-hai people,Han people and others widely engaged in various maritime actibities.Chung-ching circuit in the onshore and offshore coastal defense forces frome the two parts,the defense objects to the Northern Sung.Analysis of historical documents and archaelogical materials,that in addition coastal defense,the Liao Dynasry people were mainly engaged in three martime activities in the Chung-ching circuit..First,the marine fish catch.The Liao people to use nets to catch fish,hook fish from the sea ice (海冰�'�鱼),go to sea to catch fish three ways to capture maritime fish.Second,the sea salt production,mangement and sales.Chung-ching circuit have three salt plants, the Salt Monopoly Division (榷盐院) is the governer for the Salt Mill.The sea salt major sales in the Chung-ching circuit,Tung-ching circuit,Shang-ching circuit (上京道) and Nan-ching circuit,and even sold to the Northern Sung.Third,the port and maritime transport.In the Chung-ching circuit,built in six ports,frequent contacts between ports,and routes leading to the Nan-ching circuit and the Northern Sung.The Liao Dynasty people carry out a variety of maritime actibities,enough to show that the Liao Dynasty people use the coastal resources to achieve very high levels.