Three-Dimensional Modeling Of Field Archaeology Excavation Unit From Cross-Sections

Archaeological excavation site is the main place of archaeological data acquisition, and the excavation unit is the cell of the archaeological excavation site.3D reconstruction of excavation unit is significant to history back, ancient environmental restoration and other important archaeological research. By means of traditional field archaeological excavation, the underground archaeological data are primarily scattered two-dimensional graphics, it's not conducive to research the time-space relationship between site and cultural relics, completely reconstruct and display them in 3D. With the maturity of 3D GIS technology, and its development and enhancement of level in archaeological applications,3D GIS provides digital storage, display and exploitation for the site and relics in the archaeological excavations, as well as a more effective method for field reconstruction and visualization of archaeological site.In order to promote the depth and breadth of 3D GIS application in archaeological sites reconstruction, this study proposes the method of archaeological stratigraphies modeling from cross-sections and the method of relics modeling from contours, and gives a complete integration solutions for archaeological stratigraphies and relics. The main research results are as follows:(1) Analyzing field archaeological data, which includes data collection process, archaeological objects and archaeological excavation mapping type, then summing up the characteristics of field archaeological data. And on this basis,3D spatial data model is established for archaeological field and data structure is designed for this model.(2) Researching the method of 3D modeling of archaeological stratigraphies from cross-sections. This method consists of four steps to complete:excavation unit data preprocessing, excavation unit boundary surfaces modeling, archaeological stratigraphy interface surfaces modeling, boundary surfaces and interface surfaces integrating into the solid.(3)Using limited relics plan and section, the relics modeling method from contour is proposed to reconstruct the relics 3D shape, determine the relics spatial location in the archaeological stratigraphies with the relevant information, and complete integration of archaeological stratigraphies and relics adopting the 3D solid boolean operation.Finally, based on the algorithms proposed in this paper and archaeological excavation data of Eastern T1-T21, Li county, Hunan province, the oriented field archaeological excavation unit 3D modeling prototype system was achieved, and the effectiveness and practicability of research results was verified.