Gender Archaeology In China From The Perspective Of Anthropology

Influenced by Western feminist ideological trends,feminist archeology was born in the United States in the 1980s.With the development of feminist archeology,the separation of feminism archaeology and gender archaeology emerged.The research topics of feminist archeology and gender archeology are all women,and the concept of gender is used as the research basis.Both have common ideas in correcting masculinism biases,improving the status of female archaeologists,and engendering women in the past.The difference between the two is that feminist archaeology originated in feminist movements,emphasizing practice,and being more political.And gender archeology avoids politics.This article uses feminist/gender archaeology to emphasize the commonality of both,and embodies different concepts in female archeology or gender archeology.From the perspective of gender research,gender is an important concept in Western humanities and social science research,and is distinguished from sex.Gender research is of great significance for understanding the division of labor,organizational forms,and social structure.From the perspective of the development of Western feminist/gender archaeology,Western feminist/gender archaeology has gone through more than 30 years and has achieved remarkable results.Feminist/gender archaeology allows women in the past to be seen,correcting masculinism biases;emphasizing archaeological perspectives from multiple perspectives and microscopic perspectives;promoting the field of visual expression;and criticizing knowledge production for granted analysis.From the perspective of the practice of gender archaeology in China,although the current gender archeology in China is still at the preliminary stage of development,the archaeological materials related to gender in China are very rich,and gender research has great potential for development in archeology.Therefore,rethinking Western feminist/gender archaeology background and development history,introducing related research results,summarizing the development of Chinese gender archaeology,drawing lessons from the development of Western gender archaeology,and finding suitable development directions for gender archaeology in China.The path is of great significance.This article adopts the structure of Western and Chinese comparison.The first part of the text on Western gender archeology first reviewed the background of Western gender archaeology.The development of post-processual archaeology and Western feminist movements are closely related to feminist/gender archeology.Secondly,with the development of Western gender archaeology,there is a separation between feminist archeology and gender archeology.The definitions,connotations,and meanings of the two are separately introduced and the relationship between them is illustrated.Finally,the case of translating Western feminist/gender archaeology involves the works of Gender Archaeology,What This Awl Means:Feminist Archaeology at a Wahpeton Dakota Village,Who Made the Lapita Pots?A Case Study in Gender Archaeology and Gender,Space,and Food in Prehistory and Feminist archaeologists.The second part is about Chinese gender archeology.First,it reviews the development background of Chinese gender archaeology,introduces the history of the development of Chinese archaeological theory and the modern Chinese women's liberation movement.Secondly,it discusses two stages of development of gender archaeology in China.From the 1950s to the 1980s,it was the first stage.After the 1990s,it was the second stage.In the final classification,the case of Chinese gender archaeology was classified theoretical papers and cases.The theoretical papers can be summarized into three aspects:theoretical methods,development history,book reviews.The case categories can be divided into Neolithic Age,Bronze Age,History Period and female archaeologists.At the end of the article,Western gender archaeology was used as a reference to summarize and reflect on Chinese gender archaeology.From the background of Chinese and Western cultures,development history and case studies,it is concluded that in terms of background and development history,the relationship between gender archaeology in China and the Chinese feminist movement is relatively small,and it is more influenced by the archaeological theory of the west to the east.This may be the objective reason for the lack of feminist perspective and theory in Chinese archaeology.Gender archaeology in China is still initial and is increasingly concerned with gender-related issues.The disadvantage is that Chinese gender archeology has not yet defined its definition and goals.In the case study,summarizing the experiences of Western gender archaeology from the aspects of research materials,research methods,and writing methods,gender archaeology in China should raise the scope of research and diversity of research materials,use ethnographic methods,and scientific technological archaeology methods and innovative writing forms.