| Mahaparinirvana-sutra, (also named Nirvana Sutra), is a translated Buddhist scripture with its striking linguistic characteristics which was translated by Dharma-raksa (in Sanskrit), who came from India in the period of Northern Liang (Beiliang) of Southern and Northern Dynasties in China and played a significant role in the history of preaching Buddhism.The book was composed during the finished period of Chinese in medieval times, when the loan words have presented the characteristics of restricted form, skillful application and exact expression. In view of the above-mentioned reasons, this thesis has made a comprehensive observation and research on the disyllables which account for the largest proportion of loan words in this Scripture. The combination of synchronic comparison and diachronic origin-inspection has been adopted in this thesis. Consequently, the disyllables in the Scripture have been efficiently researched through examples from the relevant literature. The word-formation of loans has been obtained based on the systematic study of the synchronic historical situation and the evolution of meanings. Moreover, the reflection from the structure of the disyllabic loan words has demonstrated the development in certain stage of history. Meanwhile, the application process of loan words has been presented, proving that the evolution of meaning has been impacted by the scope of application.It finally proved that the loan words of Buddhist Scripture has positive influence on the development of Chinese vocabulary through research of the formation and synchronous translation of loan words in a diachronic way. |
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