Translation Strategies In Chi-Chen Wang's Dream Of The Red Chamber From The Perspective Of Manipulation

Since 1990s, western translation study has broken through the binding of linguistics, turning to the research on culture. It was called "cultural approach of translation study". In particular, on the basis of the idea that "translation is rewriting, and translation is manipulation", Andre Lefevere put forward the theory of manipulation. There are three factors:ideology, poetics and patronage. As a milestone of translation study, the theory transforms the prescriptive study, which was widely used before, into descriptive study that has become a new channel for interpreting translated works. At the same time, this theory also provides a sound basis for exploring implicit and explicit factors occurring in the process of translation.In the study of translated works of Hong Lou Meng, most of them are studying the complete works translated by Yang Hsien-yi, Glady Yang and David Hawkes, John Minford. However, as for the transmission of Hong Lou Meng in America, It is Chi-Chen Wang's translated versions that play an important role. From the perpective of Manipulation theory, this study attempts to explore varied obvious and underlying factors that manipulate the translator in his process of translation. Therefore, this thesis makes tentative research for translated versions of Hong Lou Meng beyond the complete translated versions.Chi-Chen Wang's English versions were chosen as a case in this study. His version is one of the English versions of Hong Lou Meng translated by Chinese in the early of 1920s. Due to specific historical era, special demand of purposes and patronage, Chi-Chen Wang translated a special adaptation of Hong Lou Meng. The study will analyze different factors manipulating in the process of Chi-Chen Wang's translation, and the paper consists of five chapters. A brief introduction of Lefever's manipulation theory is stated in Chapter One and Chapter Two. In Chapter Three, Hong Lou Meng, the original text and Cao Xueqin, its author and its related Redology are introduced briefly. In addition, English versions of Hong Lou Meng, Chi-Chen Wang's versions in particular, are introduced in detail. This chapter provides concrete materials for Chapter Four, the focus of the study. Chapter 4 bears the creativity of this study. From four aspects, namely ideology, poetics, partronage and meaning consultation, the manipulating factors of the translator are analyzed in detail with examples.Lastly, some conclusions are achieved. To meet intended-readers" interests for "foreign flavor", Chi-Chen Wang remained the love story between Baoyu and Daiyu and most plots reflecting distinctive Chinese relics in his adaptation. To be in consistent with current political and cultural ideology, Chi-Chen Wang adopted a special method of translating persons'names. To be in line with the will of patronage, Chi-Chen Wang also used many translation strategies, like notes, and explanation between lines. Finally, an adaptation that has deleted most poems and dreams are presented to the world. All of these factors have become the implict and explict manipulating factors in the translator's process of translation. Therefore, it is observed that the three manipulating factors proposed by Andre lefevere bears universal significance, being worthy of scholars'deep explorations.