Basic Study On Valence Of Non-sacrificial Verbs In Oracle Inconscriptions

The most basic study of ancient Chinese grammar is to describe linguistic facts.As the source of the Chinese, oracle inscriptions also is paid more attention to this basic work which contributes greatly to finding its own language structure pattern. In the structure of language, verbs have the strongest activity and most of the parts of speech should be a combination with verb which is the center of the sentence. The concept"Valence" is proposed by the French linguist Tesniere who used this concept to reflect domination of verb ability. Valence Theory emphasizes that the verb is the center of the sentence and is is domination of component in the whole sentence. Actant and circonstant are direct subordinate component of verb.Therefore,studying the verb from the Valenee angle has become one of the inportant methods for the universal grammar theory.This theory was brought to China in 1970s and was paid great attention.Some scholars have applied this theory to resolve some modern Chinese grammar problerms.In recent years,there has been a study in the ancient Chinese language with Valence Theory,and achievement has been gained. We absorb the related achievement in this paper and select non-sacrificial verbs in oracle inscriptions as the study object.We try to study valence of them and describe conbination and domination of them.Firstly we divide non-sacrificial verbs in oracle inscriptions into four categories with the semantic features of verbs:action verbs, perception or mentality verbs, condition verbs and relationship verbs.Secondly we determine the semantic roles between verb.Thirdly we use Shao Jingmin's point of view of "semantic valence" and"syntactic position"as to express more Comprehensivly their semantic structure and syntax structure.