Comparison Studies Of Chinese And Japanese Existential Sentences

"Existence"is a very important concept in any language. Chinese and Japanese linguists all pay great attention on existential sentences, and there have been a great deal of studies on the structural, semantic and pragmatic features of existential sentences from synchronic and diachronic perspectives.The aim of this thesis is to find out the difficulties and common errors when Japanese students learn Chinese existential sentences and to give the teaching methods by comparison. When doing this, the Chinese former studies in this thesis mainly refer to Wang Jianjun (2003) and the Japanese ones mainly refer to Kinsui Satoshi (2006), Yu Kang (2006), etc.The corpus is mostly from the Japanese-Chinese version of"Kouya Hijiri","Yukiguni","Bocchan", and the comparison is primarily from the structural and semantic perspectives. The content is as follows.(1) To introduce the differences of study history of existential sentences in Chinese and Japanese: while the Chinese linguists emphasize the structural study from an early period, the Japanese linguists emphasize the meaning part till nowadays.(2) To present the Japanese existential sentence structure as"A(space or time)+C(thing or human being that exists)+B(existential verb)".(3) To compare the Chinese"you"sentence and Japanese"aru""iru"sentence, the Chinese"shi"sentence and Japanese copula sentence, the Chinese and Japanese static/dynamic existential sentences from structural and semantic perspectives.(4) To give advices on how to teach Chinese existential sentences to Japanese students according to the similarities and differences of Chinese and Japanese existential sentences.