Study On Implicit And Explicit Learning In Second Language Acquisition

The study of implicit and explicit learning is a focused research topic in the field of pedagogy, cognitive psycholinguistics, and second language acquisition. In the past two decades, implicit learning has attracted a lot of theoretical studies. However, the study of implicit learning in applied field has just begun. The application of the concept of implicit learning makes people recognize that the psychological phenomenon-learning is more complex than we used to. The study of modern psychology states that there exists implicit unconscious learning way except explicit conscious learning way. Implicit learning is an unconscious process that acquires the complex knowledge in stimulating environment; however, explicit learning is a conscious learning process.In recent years, many researchers don't pay much attention to the difference between implicit and explicit learning. They began to notice the connection and interaction between the two modes, because they realize that the combination of both learning modes is the best method in English teaching and learning. The interrelations between the two learning modes are called"synergistic effect"which influences the English teaching and learning deeply. The purpose of the experiment is to explore the effect of implicit and explicit learning of English reading and the synergistic effect between implicit and explicit learning. The author chooses ninety university students as subjects in the experiment. They are divided into implicit group, explicit group and combined group of the two modes. The results of the experiment demonstrate that there exists implicit learning and it has advantageous effect, and it also illustrates the synergistic effect between implicit and explicit learning is the best method in English reading. The results of the gender difference analysis show that there is no significant difference on the scores of male and female in English reading, implicit and explicit learning have commonness in gender difference, both male and female can learn very well in applying and mastering the basic knowledge. The results of the grade difference analysis demonstrate there isn't significant grade difference in the implicit and explicit learning, the scores in junior is higher than another two grades from the perspective of grade effect. However, the collaborative learning has shown significant grade difference in the learning way.According to our research conclusion and combined the previous research result, we presented some implications for foreign language learning and teaching. Through exploring the implicit learning and explicit learning in English reading, we can know that implicit and explicit learning have their own distinctiveness and complementary to each other in absorbing knowledge and cultivating reading ability. Therefore, we should be aware of the collaborative effect of implicit and explicit learning in English reading. When the learners are studying a complex and to some extent difficult task, they should have basic implicit knowledge, and then the teachers build an explicit model, trying to make unconscious activities of the students tending to the study objective in order to get a better study effect. Implicit and explicit learning are rightly dealt with will help to improve language competence, efficiency of learning and teaching and enhance the psychological basis for the teaching of reading activities.