The Confucian Theory Of Human Nature And Reconstruction Of The Ethical Values During Transitional Period

In the research of Chinese traditional philosophy, history of Humanity problems in traditional Chinese culture embodies rich connotation. The origin of Chinese human nature theory has always been concerned, especially Confucianism on this issue occupying an important position.From the record of "person" and "sex" in "Book of Songs", "chancery" in Shang and Zhou dynasties to the elaboration in "The Analects of Confucius" on the issue of humanity, the great thinker Confucius created a historical precedent for human nature. Later, Mencius and Xunzi put forward two different views respectively-----the "goodness" and "Evil", which laid the theoretical foundation of the traditional human nature theory. During Han and Tang Dynasties, Dong Zhongshu and Han Yu, who learned these two views, established the theories of "Three Grades", "Evil Love goodness" and so on. During Song Dynasty, scholar Cheng and Zhu Xi completed the theoretical construction of the "Yi Li" and "temperament" on the basis of previous achievements.The creation of the human nature theory, not only lays an important theoretical basis of Chinese traditional ethics, but also inherits and carries forward the Chinese traditional ethics and enriches the Chinese traditional ethical values thought. From Confucius to Neo-Confucianism, the development of the traditional theory of human nature reflects the deepening process in ancient understanding of human nature. Generally speaking, Chinese sages mostly elaborate human nature from social and ethical point of view, while foreign bourgeoisie in Europe after the Renaissance often put it as freedom, equality, human rights, love, etc. Most of them elaborate human nature from the perspective of existence of human nature and natural human rights, due to the objection to the shackles of personality in the feudal system.The theory of human nature does not weaken during thousands of years. The fundamental reason is that human values has permeated all areas of traditional society, deeply rooted in national cultural tradition, and play a significant role as the continuation of the moral tradition from generation to generation. Meanwhile, it also has an important and far-reaching impact on ethical cultural values during the process of modern transformation.During the transitional modernization process, when the social structure, cultural structure and people's thinking has undergone tremendous change, how to understand the influence on traditional human values of contemporary society and its development trends? And what are the new norms and requirements of ethical values during the transition? Can it continue to play its due role and impact during this period? Traditional ethical values of humanity face unprecedented challenges and tests. On the basis of previous research, through the analysis of social phenomena, this paper tries to reveal the specific content of the theory of human nature and its unique characteristics, and then construct the basic approaches and enlightenment of the human values during the transitional period.