Elite And Hometown: Hu Community's Public Welfare Activities In Huzhou (1927-1937)

Hu Community is a countrywide association organization, which is created by Huzhou's living out, including Wuxing, Xiaofeng, Changxin, Anji, Deqing and Wu Kang. Hu Community take headquarters in Shanghai, sometimes set up offices nationwide association organization in Nanjing, Wuhan, Huzhou and other places. With the view of economic exclusion, fellow conception and Democratic Republic thought; loss of leadership and power division on the politics; social disorder and social force rising, Huzhou's people living in Shanghai who seek the balance on traditional and modern, state and society, city and rural, so they actively create the Association group.Hu Community's formation and development has gone from simple communication to raising construction independent agency, from the agency established within the Chen Yingshi Memorial to reinforcing layer fourth service process. which is an adaptation and coping on the national political changes.When national political stability, Hu Community career is be on the upgrade; When state of turmoil,it is increasingly depressed and defeated.Hu Community creation he initial formation of the "committee system", who has a style of its own and learning from national government organization system. With the Nanjing national government political integration, Hu Community set up the "double management system" in 1929 and established a commune member congress, the Executive Committee, supervision committee of separation of the three powers in 1932.In this system, Hu Community has own characteristics, such as members of the plurality of occupation, age of the younger, political elite, a nationwide association network and unbalanced regional distribution, the affairs openness and innovation.Modern Huzhou public welfare development from objective and subjective factors. Objective factors have natural calamities and man-made misfortunes aggravates, social problems increasing, government incentives to communicate, Huzhou's business finances, Western influence, and the subjective factors include the traditional Confucianism, Buddhism, local emotion, economy benefit and so on. With the Huzhou's business personal welfare culture improving, they take the economic interests and public cultural construction together and it get a their private investment trends. When they see the declining of municipal status and society is at a standstill since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they take a determination to correct the decadent style, advocate the positive upward spirit of science and the modern way of life. So Hu Community actively participate in Huzhou's public welfare construction. According to the Huzhou economic characteristics and geographical advantage, Hu Community carry on the daily activities in Huzhou, including constantly development the rural economy, cultural education, maintaining local public security, healthy care and other relieves.Drought exacerbated the declining tendency in Huzhou in 1934-1935-- robbers was rampant, silkworm economic development was disastrous, cereal was so cheap that it is hurt farmer, rural area is bankrupt, commercial prosperity. Hu Community learned from western experiences by the machine power relief disaster with the science and technology. Sometimes they comprehensively analysis the causes, namely capital loss, the loss of talented person and feudal thought, which make environment deterioration deeply. Which bring about contradictions and conflicts between farmer and farmer, farmer and butcher, farmer and government. In this connection, Hu Community continuously strengthen structure, resource integration. They set up Disaster Prevention Design Committee in the early 30's,then they create Disaster Relief Committee. They attempt to administer thoroughly, combine disaster to disaster relief, save poor and keep safe simultaneously, relief and aid in two ways together. They want to offer aid both variable save to help achieve the victims of self-help production relief ideas,and try actively to remedy farmer, agriculture, construction of new rural reconstruction three-in-one reviving rural economy development. Although the result of the mode is slightly low for the various groups of interest game between nation and society, various groups, but it has affects like a bridge and tie that Hu Community pass on requirements to goverment, and transmit commands to people.Hu Community construct relationship between the itself, country and society since creation organization to actively join the public welfare in Huzhou. In the process of construction, Hu Community take advantage of their own advantages to strengthen social status, and play an important role. First, fellow identity constantly change into national identity, which form the strong national spirit; Second, social administrative gap and the loss of state power accelerated Hu Community's formation; Third, Hu Community get public welfare activities in Huzhou to break the conventional since keeping sustained between the same characteristics and "function with the type". Which leads to distinct effects, especially in stable social order, changing customs and habits, promoting the local education, construction of the medical treatment and health.Hu Community's experienced from traditional to modern transition learn from the public welfare in Huzhou. It is provided with itself characteristics, particularly show that formation of elite group, legal system of the welfare and advance of the operation course.