| When the salient static targets are superimposed on the moving backgroundwhich moves within a scope of certain space, visual targets spontaneously disappearsfrom visual awareness and subsequently reappears, this phenomenon is called"motion-induced blindness". The researchers according to their respectiveexperimental results put forward the cause of motion-induced blindness, the basicreason can be divided into cognitive processing mechanism and neural physiologicalmechanism: attention competition theory, surface completion processing, depthordering processing are the typical representative of cognitive processing mechanism;as well as, hemisphere competition, perceptual scotoma presumption are the typicalrepresentative of neural physiological mechanism. At the same time, the researchersparticularly discuss the influence factors of motion-induced blindness. With thedeepening of the research, researchers have also proposed a new mechanism toexplain cognitive processing leading to this phenomenon occurs. Butnow researchers have gradually reached a consensus view, that is, attention plays animportant role in the phenomenon. Looking throughout the previous studies, theauthor analyses the attention competition theory and finds out that the theory isproposed under the condition of the moving background and targets have no meaning,so if endue the meaning to background and the targets, attention competition theoryis still applicable. This is the theoretical significance of this study, namely, throughexperiments to explore, to support and extend the original theory.Based on the reasons above:(1)Study one tends to explore the MIB phenomenon under the condition which isglobal moving. There are two experiments in the study, one with the meaningless moving background, the other one with the meaningful moving background.(2)Study two aims to explore the MIB phenomenon under condition which themoving background is local movement, there are still two experiments in the study,one with the meaningless moving background, the other one with the meaningfulmoving background. Through the two studies above, they indicate the meaningful andmeaningless moving background have impact on MIB phenomenon.(3)Because study one and study two manipulate the meaningful of the movingbackground, in study three, give meaning to target to explore the MIB phenomenoneven with the target meaning.Based on the above findings, the author aims to illustrate the attentioncompetition theory in MIB, whether attention competition theory is only in thecontext of meaningless of background and targets.The results indicates:(1) When under the condition which the movement pattern is global, the meaningof background can indeed lead to the change of MIB, under the conditions ofmeaningful background, the average duration of disappearance target wassignificantly longer than meaningless terms, and the number of times which thetargets disappear are significantly different. The times of disappearance andreappearance in the meaningful background are more than in the meaninglesscondition.(2) When under the condition which the movement pattern is local, and basicallyget the same results as the former experiment. But when analyse the global and localconditions, the results indicate: whether the average duration of disappearance targetor the the number of times which the targets disappear in MIB, the MIB phenomenonis much stronger under the condition the background global moving than under thelocal moving.(3) By setting the meaning of target to discuss the impact of target meaning onthe MIB phenomenon. The results show that under the condition that the background is meaningless, the average duration of disappearance target is much shorter under thecondition that the target is meaningless. Similarly, the disappearance of the fomertarget number is also significantly less than the latter one. When the background ismeaningful, the trend is reversed, that is the average duration of disappearance targetwhich the target is meaningless is significantly longer than the meaningful target, andis also the times of target disappear.Through the above results illustrate the phenomenon in the MIB:(1) The globalmoving background causes more MIB than the local one.(2) The salient yellow targetin MIB disappear much easier than the non-salient blue one, that is the"counter-intuitive" phenomenon.(3) The target appears in the upper-left visual fieldcan cause stronger MIB phenomenon, and this indicates the advantage of left visualfield.(4) When given the meaning to target, the MIB phenomenon changes.In this study, the results of competition theory of attention is further explored, theresults show that the competition of attention does not fully process the differentelements in the "winner-takes-all" way(all or none), but process according to theabilities that the different elements capture attention. |
