Analysis Of Organized Crime In China Mainland

According to United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, "organized Criminal Group" shall mean a structured group of three or more persons, existing for a period of time and acting in concert with the aim of committing one or more serious crimes or offences established in accordance with this Convention, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit. Aiming at legalization, organized crime chases illegal profit based on their economic strength through organized violence. Organized crime not only disturbs economic order, but also ruins social stability and shakes governmental foundation.Organized crime has been called underworld in Chinese mainland. With a history tracing back to gang's operation in Qing Dynasty, at the end of Qing Dynasty, the early stage of China mainland underworld was emerged and formed by three main gangs which were Tian Di Society, Qing Gang and Ge Lao Society. Typical underworlds in Republic of China were Sichuan Pao Ge Gang and Shanghai Qing Gang. Due to an inseparable tie with at-that-time authority, these Gangs experienced their process through vigor to wane along with political environment. After new China was born, the Chinese authority eliminated underworld under policy of severe cracking down criminal organization by combating bandit, banning drug and prostitute.After the opening reform, stimulated by criminal sub-culture and under precondition of weakening social control and corrupted administration system, underworld was reemerged in China mainland based on social problem such as widening income gap and massive migration. Organized crime cause serious consequence to Chinese social development, including threatening people's sense of security and sabotaging social stability. Expansion towards economic field of organized crime not only disturbs economic order, but also hinders reform policy and economic development. Expansion towards political field of organized crime not only damage image of party and government, but also challenge capacity of law enforcement. Chinese government cracks down organized crime effectively. Difficulties of cracking down organized crime at this stage are mainly focus on the following aspects, lacking of law support, weakening professional units, limited source and low effective use of information, and further enhancing punishment to protectors of organized crime.Measures to deal with organized crime taken by overseas provide useful information for Chinese government to crack down organized crime. The implementation of Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act by United States effectively eases organized crime's massive expansion towards legal economic field and protects purity of the field. Italy government formed nationwide anti-mafia organization to launch battle against mafia. Hongkong has special law procedure about organized crime and is superior to ordinary crime.Suggestions to crack down organized crime in China mainland:to improve legislation of penal code to minimize loop leak of article regarding organized crime; to establish and strengthen supervisory and specialized anti organized crime agencies to enhance their capacity of cracking down organized crime; to implement crime prevention measures to decrease and eliminate the cause and soil for organized crime.