Study On Government's Behaviors In The Rural Land Circulation

The "CPC Central Committee on rural reform, development of a number of major issues" which was adopted by the Third Plenary Session has a clear requirement. That is to establish the dominant position of farmers as the owner of land contractual management, and thus to make the land contract rights becoming a clear and complete modern property rights, which are all in the premise of keep the collective land ownership unchanged. Land is a kind of scarce and non-renewable resources. The government has made the land-work as a key point of work on agriculture for many years and had significant results. As for the small-scale land management and poor benefit, many farmers give up the agricultural work for doing business abroad. They prefer to leave the land barren better than to invest more money and energy in the farming. In many places, the wasteful and inefficient rural land management has become an indisputable truth. It must be improve the operational efficiency of land management through land-transfer and thus increase the rural incomes.The rural land circulation is not going into the normal track at the very beginning. It was also complicated as all other significant changes of China. It has experienced a long process of the households transferred from each other in private, the circulation's scale changed from small to large, the circulation's range changed from sporadic to widespread and the intervention to regulate the land circulation's multi-level flow by the government. The intervention of government has made the circulation of rural land turned into the normal track. However, the process of intervention by government had corresponding negative impacts. The public power working in the course of the rural land circulation as a double-edged sword. Excessive government intervention would prevent the construction of sustainable and healthy urban and rural development, the government's offside and dislocation behaviors would impeding and disturbing the succeed of rural land circulation, and thus would giving rise to increasing the social contradictions. Data had shown that, in some areas, there are cases of law and discipline violations which village leaders were alleged in, and 90% of those cases were occurred in the process of land transfer. Behind these cases of illegal use of land, the negative behaviors of local governments especially the township governments have greatly increased the difficulty of land circulation. The local governments have becoming the main part of illegal cases on land. Besides, as the power of local governments is not effectively constrained by the law, they have a thought that, the land transfer can not be made without administrative intervention. They thought that the farmers'voluntary transfer would "hinder" the scale of operation and the process of agricultural modernization. They also accused that the peasants are backward, conservative and do not understand the market. Thus in some places, the work mode of land transfer has changed from "boot" to "forcing". Therefore, the government behaviors in the rural land circulation will be particularly eye-catching. There are significantly to analyze the behaviors of government in the land circulation, to investigate the positive and negative effects of current government's behaviors, to put forward corresponding countermeasures based on these effects and to make the government abandon the "natural" self-serving behaviors and becoming the character of servicing and solving practical problems in the land circulation.This article has four sections. The first section introduces the research background, significance, research methods and innovation of this study. The second section makes connotations and definitions on China's rural land circulation and the government's behaviors, and describes the relationship between the rural land circulation and the government's behaviors. The third section describes the analysis of government's behaviors in the rural land circulation, which were mainly focused on the promotion and hazards of government's positive and negative actions in the rural land circulation. This is further requested that the government needs careful considerations, plans, forecasting and information feedback on their own behaviors. The government should fully implement the real benefits on farmers to promote the development of the harmonious society. The fourth section is the summary to the optimization and train of thought of the government's behaviors in the rural land circulation. That is, only the establishment of limited government, service-oriented government and open government can change the shortcomings of the existing government, improve all aspects of the government's behaviors in the rural land circulation and promote the health of rural land circulation orderly and effectively.