Ancient Imperial Avoidance System

Chinese feudal society is the country based on a family clan system which paying more attention to the feelings,the face and the relationships.Under this cultural background, if we don't have a good operational method,the challenge system of the imperial examination will become a tool easily which produces favouritism.As a specific operational method, the challenge system of the imperial examnimation reduces these bad phenomenons. The challenge system of the imperial examination avoids puring by family and personal bias,and promotes the fairness, the equality of the imperial examination. In the society which pays more attention to personal relationships, the challenge system of the imperial examination reduces cheatings greatly.During sui,tang,song,yuan, ming and qing dynasties, the challenge system of the imperial examination has estalished a complete conten, including relatives avoid,native avoid,position avoid. In the process of imperial examination, the challenge system of the imperial examination in central is as similar as in local,and minority areas also have abided by this system,so minority also have realized cultural prosperity.The biggest contribution of the challenge system of the imperial examination is that it makes the feudal society's imperial examination fairnessly, justily,and it also selects talents for the nation, promotes the unity of national and imperial.But it is difficultily for this system to carry out when it has some disadvantages. Its advantages are worth us to learn, its disadvantages warn us to pay more attention when we bulid our own the challenge system of the examination.The first part discusses about the formation and the reasons of the challenge system of the imperial examination.After introducing the concept of the challenge system of the imperial examination, we find the profound reasons of this system:political struggles in sui and tang dynasties result in the challenge system of the imperial examination system,and the challenge system of the appointment of official promotes the challenge system of the imperial examination.As the beginning of sui and tang dynasties,there was a new system callde "bie tou shi",and song dynasty created "die shi" system,utill ming and qing dynasties,all kinds of avoidances are brought out, the challenge system of the imperial examination in the central and in the local achieves consistently, the challenge system of the imperial examination has become prosperity.The second part discusses the main contents of the challenge system of the imperial examination.Based on introducing the participants of the examination, I summarize the types of avoidance,including the avoidance of examinee and examiner.First,after introuduing different kinds of examiner,I summarize three types of the avoidance of examiner. Secondly, I introduce the avoidance of the the examinee,and describe the program of the examinee who need to withdraw the exam.The third part summarizes three characteristics of the challenge system of the imperial examination.Three forms of the avoidance express the different social order and political requirements in the different era.Compared with the challenge system of the appointment of official, applicable objects have a bidirectional characteristics,the range of the challenge system of the imperial examination.realized legalization.At last,I point out its advantages and disadvantages respectively,and I draw some inspirations when we construct our challenge system of the examination.