A Research Of Vocational School-enterprise Cooperation Mechanism From Economical Perspective

The cooperation of schools and enterprises has been a main mode to enhance the practical teachingand improve students' practical skills in higher vocational education at present. The effective cooperationbetween schools and enterprises has been a key factor for the quality of higher vocational education andteaching.To understand the current status of cooperation of schools and enterprises in higher vocationaleducation, the author carried out a questionnaire survey among the students in5vocational colleges. Thequestionnaire contained two parts, i.e. one investigating the students who had not yet participated inpractice at enterprises to find out their assumption and view of cooperation of schools and enterprises, theother investigating the students who had already participated in practice at enterprises to get the facts ofcurrent cooperation. By the comparison of results of two parts and the interviews of teachers and enterprisestaff members, the author found that the enterprises had insufficient dependency of cooperation withschools; student internship had an impact on the normal production of enterprises; the cooperation ofschools and enterprises had been carried out with a simple channel and low level, and even a damage ofstudent rights, for example, the absence of study rights, the ambiguous identity of labor, the low salary andconditions, and the difficult protection of interests of accidental injury, etc.In the above context, the author applied the cost-benefit analysis and reason exploration in aneconomical research for enterprises, schools, and students in the cooperation. From the perspective ofcost-benefit, the cost of production risk and management in the cooperation being imposed on theenterprises with low technological conditions would be low, and accordingly that being imposed on theenterprises with high technological conditions would be high. The condition of technology decides directlythe attitude of enterprises in the cooperation. Therefore, we should select different modes of cooperation toguarantee its efficiency according to the technological requirements of enterprises for their staff. For thestaff in the commercial and service trade without the requirements of mechanical manipulation and beingdependent on work experience, who have insignificant impact on the sales status and service quality ofenterprises in the cooperation, the mode of Alternating of Working and Learning should be adopted; For professional and technical staff without direct participation in the production and mainly in assistanttechnical work under the guidance of official professional and technical personnel, the mode of ModernApprenticeship should be adopted; For mechanical operators who need practical experience to improvetheir skills, we should assure that the students obtain their vocational qualification certificates before theirpractice in enterprises and adopt the mode of Post Practice.In sum, the cooperation of schools and enterprises is essentially not only an issue of social division oflabor, but also an issue of cost-sharing. The suggestions on the responsibilities of schools and enterprises inthe cooperation are put forward as follows: Firstly, the educational role of vocational colleges should be inthe imparting of theoretical knowledge and basic skills, so as to avoid the damage of machines and waste ofraw materials by the students due to their operate miss and mistake in the practice; Then, the enterprisesshould train the students' practical skills to make them adapt to the entry requirements, so as to lower thecost of student internship and train the needed personnel. In other words, the premise of effectivecooperation is technological conditions of enterprises, i.e. the basic qualification of students for internshipis to meet the entry requirement of enterprises. The final objective of cooperation of schools and enterprisesis reducing general social cost of personnel training (including the time cost of training) to the lowest. Torealized the final objective, the author suggests to prompt the legalization of enterprises training by thelegislation of Employee Training Act and Business Employment Act, to standardize the behavior ofvocational colleges in the cooperation by the legislation of Vocational Schools Law, to standardize the basicstudy rights of students by the legislation of Student Rights Protection in the Cooperation of Schools andEnterprises Act. Only when regarding the protection of student rights as a core issue, we could realize thetrue value of cooperation of schools and enterprises in higher vocational education.