Study On The Distributional Effects Of Public Pension System In China

Social security is the main mode for government to realize national income redistribution, while pension system is the concern of social security. Pension system plays an important role in redistribution with its transfer payment function. This dissertation intends to provide analysis of the relation between pension and income distribution effect and estimate the distribution effect of pension, by means of quantitative analysis as well as qualitative analysis.The pension system was first established soon after China's founding. After years of development, urban and rural pension system know from each other evidently. The urban pension system has been established while the rural pension system is just started. This is a chance to estimate and research on the pension's redistribution effect, in order to give suggestion to the rural pension development.Income redistribution is one of the functions of Public Finance, while pension system is an implement of redistribution. Public finance, as the last-ditch attempt for balance of income and outlay of pension fund, is affected by the pension fund balance, so it should research on the distribution effect of pension system. This dissertation is under the background of aging, and tremendous income gap. It consists of 6 chapters.Chapter 1:It shows the research background and significance. They are demonstrated by china's aging, income gap, and the fairness and efficiency contradiction in pension calculation.Chapter 2:It reviews the past relevant research and China's pension history. It will draw experience from the pension history, sum up the methods for distribution research, and summarize the basic views about the distribution effect of pension.Chapter 3:It makes academic analysis of the distribution effect of pension. It will draw two pieces of conclusion by calculation and constructive analysis. First, without differentiation of retirement qualification, vertical fairness may be ignored. Second, calculating the contribution salary doesn't make for the transfer payment function.Chapter 4:It is the most creative part in this dissertation. It makes use of CHNS data and Gini Coefficients. It estimates the redistribution effect of pension, and demonstrates the main factors in affecting the income distribution.Chapter 5:It analyses the challenges China's pension may face in the future. That's aging, inflation and the distrust on the pension fund caused by the shortage of fund.Chapter 6:It gives suggestions according to previous conclusions, including: distinguishing the retirement qualification, setting basic living endowment insurance, and tax incentives.This dissertation intends to innovate from the following aspects:●Try to demonstrate that without differentiation of retirement qualification, vertical fairness may be ignored by pension, making use of geometric model.●Try to demonstrate that calculating the contribution salary doesn't make for the transfer payment function.●Making use of data from CHNS. It covers sufficient information that other public data can't supply. Besides, there isn't any previous research making use of both CHNS data and Gini Coefficients.●Try to demonstrate the main factors in affecting the income distribution by econometric methods.