| In recent years, with the rapidly economic growth and the expansion of urban land, the problems that transfer of land by local governments to obtain revenue growth driven by local economic appeared gradually, "land finance" aroused widespread concern. Land transfer income accounted for an increasing proportion of local revenue, causing a local government financial dependence on land growing. However, land resources are limited, the city can not be unlimited expanded. If it goes on, the city's long-term economic development will be hindered, land finances could not last long. Therefore, we must take some reasonable measures to the transformation of land finance, so that local governments moving away from financial dependence on the land, while another way for local governments to seek new, powerful source of income is which we need to study and solve at the present stage. This new tax-property tax has given us great inspiration, but how to do it needs further discussion. In this paper, we take Shenyang, for example, we study the formation of financial, the development of it, and the situation in Shenyang now, conclude that the local finance of Shenyang takes more and more dependence on the land finance, and give some suggestions for Shenyang.This paper explores the formation of urban land finance. Since the 1980s, China's tax system has been changing, especially the reform of the tax system introduced in 1994, the powers and financial authority of local governments does not match, the local revenue can not effectively support the local economic development, "land finance" became a behavior of local government, adding to the local finance. At the same time, our assessment mechanism for local officials to enhance the performance of local officials and GDP in the importance of promotion, but also produced by local officials "to land to promote economic development" to improve political achievements quickly. Then, we described the land finance in Shenyang now. we use the factor analysis method and get that in the last two years, the land transfer revenue surge is mainly due to the increase in land area in Shenyang, and we list the number and the way the land was transferred in recent years in Shenyang, and the 10-fold increase of the land-related revenue from 2002 to the present.We use SPSS correlation analysis, knowing that before 2008 the revenue is not dependent on the formation of land revenue in Shenyang, strong dependence is gradually formed after 2008, and we did a quantitative calculation. Then we use the local land revenue and revenue to do linear regression, obtained the fact that land tax and land revenue affect revenue for local governments together. The main part of our paper is the impact analysis between the land finance and the economic development in Shenyang. We use the improved Solow production function model, adding the land factor into the production function, by SPSS to calculate the return of capital, labor and land and their contribution to GDP growth rate. From 2008 land investment contribution rate is rising rapidly. Then we analyzed both positive and negative impact of the land finance that the harm is more than good, either from the use of land or the protection of landless peasants, or pushing up the house prices and increase the risk of mortgage loans and other aspects,there is a larger defects. Therefore, the transformation of land finance is necessary, the development of city ultimately depends on industry rather than land sales, land finance is unsustainable.The transformation of land finance needs two areas of work to do. First, we need to search other sources of income for local governments, this source must be reliable and able to fill the lack of local revenue; the second is the integration of existing land use, conservation of land resources. In this paper, we did a simulation of the property tax levy in Shenyang, which shows that property tax can serve as a new tax to support local revenue, while making recommendations on the intensive use of land. |
PDF Full Text Request