The Design Of A Balloon Carried Sonde And Receiving System On The Ground

In this paper, a balloon carried sonde has been designed to capture the particle image in the thunder cloud and collect some atmospheric parameters. According to transmission requirement of the sonde signal, we proposed a hybrid wireless communication system which contains an analog wireless system and a digital system. To achieve long distance wireless communication, we also designed the matching directional antenna receiving system with automatic tracking function, which can keep the image and data transmitted to the ground stably, and complete the storage and graphical display process in the measurement and control computer.The sonde system includes:particle image sensor, particle charge sensor, GPS receiving module, temperature and humidity sensor, wireless analog transmission module, wireless data transmission module, power supply module and so on. The receiving part on the ground contains:wireless analog receiving module, wireless data receiving module, receiving antenna, power divider, tracking system, etc. This paper introduced working principle and realization method of each component in detail and also completed hardware design, fabrication, electrical connection and debugging of every component. Analog/digital mixed transmission system is adopted to greatly reduce the complexity of data processing module. Automatic tracking system is designed in the receiving system, which contains a directional receiving antenna, to make the main beam of the directional receiving antenna alignment target sonde, greatly extending the transmission distance up to20Km.Comparing performance of various transmission scheme, we proposed the automatic tracking method based on GPS positioning data. According to the characteristics of balloon carried sonde, manual tracking structure is designed as auxiliary function. Through laboratory debug and field test, the system is proved to be capable of completing long distance communication stably, which has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability, and good practicality.This thesis originates from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Cold and Arid Regions "Natural Sciences Foundation of China" project, Fund approval number:40905001.