The Primary Study On The Diversity Of Fungi From Sediment From Yellow Sea And Yangtze Estuary

Fungi play a very important role in the carbon cycle in marine ecosystems, andare important sources for medicine, agriculture and industry. Compared withterrestrial fungi, few studies have been done in the research and description of marinefungi. The investigation of marine fungi in China started very late. There is still nosystematic investigation on marine fungi in marine sediments in our country.An investigation of the diversity of marine fungi isolated from sediments from someocean regions of our country was carried out during April to June in2011. For thispurpose,48sediment samples were collected from North Yellow Sea, South Yellow Seaand Yangtze Estuary, from which197fungal isolates were got by soil plate method anddilution plate method. A total of more than30species belonged to29genera wereidentified.All the genera are as follows: Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Bipolaris,Chloridium, Chrysosporium, Cladosporium, Dendryphiella, Devriesia, Dicyma,Engyodontium, Fusarium, Geomyces, Geotrichum, Gliomastix, Humicola, Memnoniella,Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Phialophora, Scedosporium, Scopulariopsis, Stachybotrys,Trichoderma, Ulocladium, Varicosporium, Verticillium, Wallemia, Wardomyces.Among them, Devriesia and Varicosporium are newly recorded genera for China,Devriesia pseudoamericana, Scedosporium dehoogii and Varicosporium elodeae arenewly recorded species for China. All genera and species are fully described andillustrated morphologically. Distribution sites, habitat are also cited. Living cultures of allfungi studied have been deposited in the Herbarium of Ocean University of China MarineBiology (OUCMB).Species dominance, Shannon-Wiener index and evenness were used to study thediversity of genus species of marine fungi and analysis the fungal distribution affected byenvironmental factors. The results showed that the species dominance, Shannon-Wienerindex varied in different ocean regions, sediment types and water depth.