Study On Extraction And Isolation Of Active Components From Pine Needles

Pinus Elliottii come from the southeastern United States, which was introduced into China since the mid 1990s, had been widely distributed. In China, pinus slliottii mostly used as landscaping and some as wood, but the exploitation of pine neeles is limited. Studies show that pine needles contain a lot of volatile oil, pigment, cellulose, amino acids, and flavonoids, etc.; besides, they contain various trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, etc. Pine extract also has much value in medicine, such as anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, antibacterial, anti-aging, anticancer, etc. It has been widely recognized by scientists. Pine needles contain a lot of tannins. According to the studies from domestic and foreign scholars, tannins present unique efficacy in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, cardiovascular disease, anti-aging, anticancer, etc.In this paper, the studies are mainly related to the condition confirmation of extraction, separation, detection of pine needles volatile oil, tannin, and polysaccharide. The main research results are as follows:1. The volatile oil was extracted from Pinus elliottii pine needles,and its composition was determined by GC-MS.2. Process of extracting tannin from pine needles was studied. Six main factors, which are related to the yield of tannin extracted from pine needles, including extracting solvents, extracting temperature, extracting time, ratio of solid to liquid , pH value, and fermentation time were evaluated.3. Spectrophotometry was used to detect the concentration of tannins and polysaccharides.4. HPLC results show that the pyrogallol acid and other compositions can be well separated. After the tannin’s acid decomposition, the concentration of pyrogallol acid was detected, which proved that extracts contain hydrolysable tannins or complex tannins. It provides a theoretical way for the use of pine needles prepared pyrogallol acid.