Geochemical Characteristics And Evaluation Of Heavy Metalsof Soil In North Of Jilin City

The soil environment is closely related to human’s quality of life and health, andhas a serious impact to flora and fauna live in the region. Recent years, with the rapiddevelopment of social progress, the expansion of the city and the rapid growth ofindustrial and agricultural, it provides a large number of ways for pollution enteringthe soil environment. The heavy metals pollution is particularly serious. Once theheavy metal elements into the soil, it is difficult to decompose with the biologicalmaterial recycling and energy exchange process. It can easily cause the pollution ofair, soil and water environment deterioration, and have serious toxic effects on plantsand animals. It can accumulation with the food chain devastating effects on humanhealth. Therefore, heavy metal pollution attracted much attention in recent years.The study area is located in the north of Jilin City, belonged to Songhua Riverbasin. It is an important commodity grain production area, and is close to the Jilinprovincial economic and cultural center, population is numerous, it provide moreheavy metal pollution source. Once the Heavy metal pollution upon the outbreak, itwill be great harm. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the distributioncharacteristics of heavy metals in the soil environment. And on the basis of study,have an evaluation to As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, and Zn of the study area. Hoped itcan provide a reference for the follow-up study on heavy metals and management.In this paper, through sampling and analysis to the surface soil and thecorresponding deep soil, we got the statistical regularity and variation of the contentof heavy metal elements in different depth. By the contour map, we can have amacroscopic description of the spatial distribution of heavy metal elements. On thisbasis, using single-factor index, the cumulative index, Nemerow composite index,potential ecological index with the National Soil Environmental Quality Standards as evaluation criteria, we have a comprehensive evaluation of heavy metals in thesurface soil to reveal the pollution of heavy metals in the study area. At the sametime，we studied the feasibility of making heavy metals content in deep soil as theenvironmental evaluation criteria. Then through leaching experiments compared andstudied the effects of pH, temperature and time on the leaching of heavy metalelements, to provide a reference for heavy metal pollution prevention and controlling.We calculated the fluxes in a year and the growth content of these two elements tostudy the extent of soil pollution.This study has very important significance of Soil Eco geochemical assessmentand pollution prevention and controlling of the northern part of Jilin City.