Synthesis And Application Of Acrylic Dust Suppressants Under Microwave Irradiation

The treatment of dust pollution is a worldwide problem, people pay moreand more attention to it. There are many types of dust, in which coal dust is animportant part of the dust. Environmental pollution and destruction caused bycoal dust is a very serious, especially our country has coal as the main source ofenergy. Due to economic conditions and the limitations of the basic conditions inour country, coal is not covered in storage stacked and transportation, it willproduce large amounts of coal dust by wind action, and will cause seriousdamage to the environment and human health. In coal transportation, because thejolting which the subgrade uneven, vehicles passing through the corners and therail facility created, in addition the wind action and the inertia of the vehicle atthe start and stop, will cause the pulverized coal spilled. One hand caused theloss of coal resources and the pollution of the road, another hand may causeserious security incidents and hidden dangers. With the rapid growth of coalprices, reduce coal loss is more intense. There were many ways to prevent thecoal scatters, for example: The machinery capping, the canvas cover, containertransports and prays the dust suppression and so on. The advantages of spraydust suppressants is effective and simple operation, has been recognized by thepeople, but because of higher prices, limit its application. The researchers aretrying to develop a cheaper dust suppressants to achieve its widespread use. Inthis paper, several dust suppressants were prepared, and can be applied tosuppress coal dust.We have synthesized several polymer dust suppressants. The first one(Oxidized starch-AA-AM) with synthesized by microwave irradiation, anddiscussed the monomer ratio [m(AA):m(AM)=6:4], neutralization degree ofacrylic acid (60%), the amount of initiator (0.6%), the microwave reactiontime(3min) and microwave reaction power(300W), then the dust suppressants(Oxidized starch-AA-AM) was synthesized by conventional heating technique.Finally other two dust suppressants were synthesized use different raw material (DMDAAC and PVA) by conventional heating technique. IR, TG and SEMcharacterization of the three types of dust suppressants. And the dust suppressionpotential of dust suppressants solution was investigated experimentally withpulverized coal as the model dust-generating material. Three dust suppressants ina variety of performance obtained: In terms of moisture, the use of PVA as a rawmaterials have poor performance, the moisture absorption rate is4.8%for38h,Acrylamide dust suppressants were7.6%(microwave irradiation) and6.5%(waterbath), DMDAAC dust suppressants was6.9%; The compressive properties ofPVA dust suppressants is superior to two other dust suppressants, thecompressive strength was0.67MPa, Acrylamide dust suppressants were0.59MPa (microwave irradiation) and0.56MPa (water bath), DMDAAC dustsuppressants was0.56MPa; In anti-shock, if the shorter time, three kinds of dustsuppressants performance similar, but with shocks longer, PVA dust suppressantsdegrades the performance, coal loss rate of2.21%; DMDAAC dust suppressantsbetter performance in terms of water resistance erosion; The three types of dustsuppressants are similar in temperature adaptability and anti-wind performance.In the experiment, we found that dust suppressants moisturizing best when themass fraction of about2%. The other performance is enhanced with the increaseof the mass fraction of dust suppressantsThe dust suppressants use of polyvinyl alcohol as a raw material have thelowest price, and the other two are similar. Acrylamide dust suppressants usedthe oxidation of starch, the other two used starches. The microwave reactor ismore expensive, but the response time of dust suppressants greatly shortened, theperformance improved. From the long-term perspective, the use of microwavereactor can greatly reduce energy consumption and reduce the cost of dustsuppressants. So, the use of the microwave reactor synthetic dust suppressants isworth promoting and applications, and also hope to provide help for futureresearch.