Copolymerization Of Dimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride And Acrylamide In Inverse-emulsion And Inverse-microemulsion System

Taking kerosene as oil phase,dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(DMDAAC) and acrylamide(AM) as monomers,P(DMDAAC—AM) was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization and inverse microemulsion polymerization.Effects of polymerization method,reaction time,emulsifier,initiator,temperature,additive, monomers concentration and other factors on the system stability,conversion and copolymer characteristics were studied.The structure and the surface shape of P(DMDAAC-AM) were analyzed by means of various instrumental analysis techniques,including FIIR,Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM),¹HNMR and thermal analysis,et al.The results showed that:Under the inverse emulsion conditions,product with high conversion(94.95%), high intrinsic viscosity(764cm³/g) and 15.95%of cationicity was got at 11%(ω) of emulsifier concentration,2/1 of aqueous to oil phase ratio(A/O),38℃of temperature, 0.15%(ω) of initiators concentration(to the weight of monomers),1.4 of molar ratio of TEMED to KPS,50%(ω) of monomers concentration in water,0.22 of molar ratio of DMDAAC to AM,and 0.03%(ω) of EDTA concentration.Stable Span80-OP10/kerosene/AM-DMDAAC-H₂O inverse microemulsion system was prepared at 7.70 of HLB value,60%(ω) of monomers concentration in water,0.2 of molar ratio of DMDAAC to AM,and 1.25%(ω) of HCOONa concentration in water by conductivity method and visual observation.Then polymerization was carded out and the optimum operation conditions were determined as:reaction temperature 38℃,emulsifier concentration in oil 33%(ω), reaction time 1h,KPS and Na₂S₂O₃ total concentration 0.045%(ω),AIBN concentration 0.045%(ω),HCOONa concentration in water 0.05%(ω),A/O 2/3,and semi-continuous process was used.The final copolymer latex was clear with 97.42% of conversion and 267cm³/g of intrinsic viscosity.The average diameter was 15.2nm, which is less than that prepared by one-time process significantly.IR and ¹HNMR results manifested that the characteristic peaks of the two monomers were present in the spectrum of P(DMDAACAM),which proved the generation of the copolymer.DSC-TGA results showed P(DMDAAC-AM) had excellent thermal stability.The two methods both have advantages and disadvantages. P(DMDAAC-AM) with high molecular weight and low emulsifier concentration was synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization,but product prepared by inverse microemulsion polymerization was stable and could be conserved for a long time.