Influence Of Ultrasound On Properties Of Safflower Seed Oil And Study Of Its Extraction And Sepatation

In this paper, safflower seed and its oil of were taken as raw materials, the properties, components, extraction and seperation of safflower seed oil were investigated.The study includeded mainly four parts:first, according to relative national standard methods, some physicochemical indexes of safflower seed oil were determined, and the influences of various ultrasonic conditions on physicochemical indexes of safflower seed oil were analyzed. The results showed that the acid value of safflower seed oil was0.154±0.003mgKOH/g, peroxide value was6.85±0.10mep/kg, saponification value was192.7±1.4mgKOH/g; Safflower seed oil included five kinds of fatty acid:palmitate, stearate, oleic acid, farthing trans-oleic acid and linoleic acid; Under ultrasonic conditions:When the ultrasound temperature was controlled at below50℃, ultrasonic power200W-600W, ultrasonic time of20min-60min, physicochemical properties of the above-mentioned had no significant change, ultrasonic power was over600W, the influences of ultrasound on acid value and peroxide value were relatively significant.Second, oil content of safflower seed oil was determined with Soxhlet extraction method; The process conditions of conventional and ultrasonic extraction safflower seed oil were respectively investigated; components of safflower seed oil extracted with the above-mentioned methods were mensurated; The kinetic models of extraction were established and verified. The results indicated that oil content of safflower seed oil was28.13%; The better ultrasonic extraction conditions were n-hexane as solvents, temperature35℃, time30min, liquid-solid ratio5:1, and the extraction yield was27.15%; The better conventional extraction conditions were n-hexane as solvents, temperature50℃, time70min, liquid-solid ratio6:1, and the extraction yield was25.92%; The safflower seed oils prepared with the above-mentioned methods had the same fatty acid components and the relative contents of these fatty acids had not significant difference. Conventional and ultrasonic extraction kinetic models as follows:(?)(?)The models anastomosed experimental data well.Third, high purity linoleic acid was prepared via saponification, acidification, urea inclusion of safflower seed oil. The results indicated that the better saponification conditions:ultrasonic power280W, temperature50℃, ultrasonic time35min, alkali quantity25%, saponification rate was97.48%; The better purification conditions: temperature10℃, urea solubility0.3g/mL, urea-fat ratio6:1; inclusion time20h, purity of safflower seed oil is98.65%and its yield is73.77%. Fourth, high purity methyl linoleate was prepared via esterification, column chromatography purification of safflower seed oil. The results showed that ultrasonic power280W, temperature30℃, ultrasonic time20min, KOH-methanol:oil (mL:g)7.5:1, the esterification rate was92.36%; Eluant (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether)6%-7%160mL, sample quantity20-40mg/g(sample/silica gel), flow speed15-25d/min, sample solubility2%-4%, the purity of the sample obtained was96.53%and its yield was67.88%; Other conditions remained constant, adopt gradient elution:When eluant (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether)3%,3.5%,4%,5%,6%was respectively40ml, the purity of the sample obtained is97.33%and its yield was70.05%.