Studies On Monascus Solid-state Fermentation Based On The Buckwheat And Antihyperlipidemia Effects Of The Product

Objective:To investigate the technological conditions of Monascus solid-state fermentation by using buckwheat as fermentation materials and Monacolin K as index; Then, study the extraction technology of Monacolin K from buckwheat Monascus by dual-wavelength spectrophotometry; Finally, review the effects of buckwheat Monascus on serum lipid level and weight in experimental hyperlipidemia mice. Methods:Through single-factor test, the effects of initial water content, initial pH, filling quantity, inoculum size, age of seed, methods of additional water, culture time and culture temperature on Monacolin K yield by Monascus solid-state fermentation were primarily discussed. After single factor experiment, orthogonal testing design was adopted by choosing initial water content, filling quantity, inoculum size and culture time four factors as index. Then, the kinds and contents of the additive carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salts were discussed. In the extraction process test of Monacolin K, Monacolin K was set as reference index. Through single-factor test, the effects of extraction parameters on the extraction of Monacolin K were primarily discussed.Based on the results, by using orthogonal experimental design, the technological parameters was optimized. Finally, the effects of buckwheat Monascus on hyperlipidemic were studied:experimental hyperlipidemia mouse models were established by raising them with high fat and cholesterol diet for2weeks, at the same time the animals were given buckwheat Monascus in high, medial and low doses respectively. Then the contents of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C in serum of mice were tested at the end of the experiment. Results:The optimum conditions of Monascus solid-state fermentation by using buckwheat as fermentation materials to yield Monacolin K were as follows:15g buckwheat contained in150mL Erlenmeyer flask of filling quantity,70%of initial water content,2.0of initial pH,every time fill10%, for a total of4times as methods of additional water, then put into soluble starch4%, NH4NO30.2%, yeast extract1%, KH2PO40.3%, MgSO40.2%, inoculate10%seed liquid of48h age,26℃of culture temperature,17d of culture time. The proper extraction technical conditions of Monacolin K were confirmed as follows:65%ethanol as extraction solvent, solid-liquid ratio1:20, extracting temperature70℃, extracting time3h. In the high fat experimental hyperlipidemia mouse models established by high fat and cholesterol diet, the medial and high doses of buckwheat Monascus could reduce the level of TG, TC, and LDL-C, increase the level of HDL-C in hyperlipidemia mice, the low dose of buckwheat Monascus could decrease the contents of TG and LDL-C, it also have certain effect on TC and HDL-C. Conclusion:1. The cultivate conditions could affect the growth of Monascus and Monacolin K yield remarkably. In optimized fermentation conditions, the highest yield of Monacolin K could reach2.8mg/g in solid-state fermentation product.2. The extraction technology in this paper was simple to operate, and the extracting time was short and extraction efficiency was high. The experiment provides a simple and feasible and effective method for Monacolin K extraction from buckwheat Monascus.3. The solid-state fermentation product with Monascus and buckwheat could decrease the serum lipid level of experimental hyperlipidemia mouse, it also have certain precautionary effect on hyperlipidemia, so the research and development of buckwheat Monascus health food and drug have certain significance.