Sources Apportionment Of PM10and PM2.5in Five Cities In China

Objective To study sources apportionment of atmospheric PM10and PM2.5in Beijing, Urumqi, Qingdao, Alashan League,Baotou in China.Methods Atmospheric particle samples of PM10and PM2.5were collected from2005—2008in Beijing,Urumqi,Alashan,Qingdao and Baotao. Chemical elements and ions of aerosol samples were detected and the data were calculated by factor analysis-enrichment factors and correlation analysis.Results In Beijing,source apportionment results derived from factor analysis model for PM10were construction dust/soil dust (45.350%), industry dust/coal combustion/vehicle emissions(31.829%)and biomass burning dust (13.573%); for PM2.5were construction dust/soil dust (38.857%), industry dust/coal combustion/vehicle emissions(25.728%), biomass burning dust (13.103%) and burning oil dust (11.915%).In Urumpi, source apportionment results derived from factor analysis model for PM10were soil dust/coal combustion dust(49.754%), industry dust/secondary particles dust/vehicle emissions (30.645%); for PM2.5were construction dust/soil dust (43.256%), secondary particles dust (22.286%), industry dust/vehicle emissions (20.498%)。 In Alashan, source apportionment results derived from factor analysis model for PM10were soil dust/ccnstruction dust/burning oil dust (66.210%), industry dust/vehicle emissions (21.219%); for PM2.5were soil dust/construction dust(35.781%),burning oil dust/soil dust (32.064%), industry dust/vehicle emissions(22.062%).In Qingdao, source apportionment results derived from factor analysis model for PM10were construction dust (30.910%), vehicle emissions (29.652%) and secondary particles dust (28.994%); for PM2.5were secondary particles dust/industry dust/’vehicle emissions (49.815%) and construction dust (33.710%).In Baotou, source apportionment results derived from factor analysis model for PM10were construction dust/soil dust/vehicle emissions(29.441%), soil dust (27.166%) and industry dust(20.363%);for PM2.5were construction dust/soil dust (54.033%), industry dust/coal combustion(29.983%). Enrichment factors of mineral and heavy mental elements of PM10and PM2.5in Beijing were higher than other cities. Enrichment factors of Zn、 Pb、 As、 Cd in PM2.5were higher than those in PM10.Enrichment factors of most heavy mental elements declined in sand dust weather.Conclusion Soil dust/construction dust40%～60%and industry dust/vehicle emissions20%～30%are major sources of atmospheric particles in five cities in China. The sources of burning oil dust and secondary particles dust make more contribution to PM2.5than PM10.Human activity has more effect on sources of PM10and PM2.5in Beijing than other cities. Heavy mental elements are likely to enrich in PM2.5.Enrichment factors of heavy mental elements declined in dust. Sand dust weather has dilution effect on heavy mental element in particulates.