Study On Synthesis And Propenies Of Oil-Soluble Viscosity Reduction Copolymers In Crude Oil

Heavy oil chemical viscosity reducer can be used to reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oils under specific temperature and state, and improve the flow and speed of transportation, reducing the energy consumption of pipeline. At present, underground hydrothermalcracking viscosity reduction, the viscosity reduction of surfactant, viscosity reduction of oil-soluble viscosity reducer and pour point depressant viscosity reduction are mainly used chemical viscosity reduction method in crude oil domestic and overseas. Most reports are basically about pour point depressant viscosity reduction abroad. While domestic drilling oil production is mainly the underground hydrothermal FCC viscosity reduction. Pipeline viscosity reduction and oil-soluble surfactant viscosity reducer viscosity redunction.At present, the development of oil-soluble viscosity reducer is mainly focused on the development of two-dimension and terpolymers of unsaturated ester substrate. The synthesis of such oil-soluble viscosity reduction copolymer starting point is to consider the colloid chemical structure of asphaltenses in heavy oil. Asphalts and asphaltens concentration of heavy oil in the vast majority of the heteroatoms O, N, S and metal atoms and other heteroatoms exist a direct result of the characteristics of the high viscosity of heavy oil. O, N, S colloid and bitumen quality molecular functional group have hydroxyl, carbonyl, amino, thiol, and miscellaneous atom ring, these specific functional group can be the formation of hydrogen bonds, mutualstaggered connection between the colloid and bitumen quality molecules, thus the formation of a complex mesh spacking structure to each other gathered some of the hydrocarbon component wrapped in packing structure caused by crude oil viscosity. Meanwhile, the heavy oil in the paraffin molecules at low temperature form crystals, making the heavy oil condensation became heavy oil and heavy oil in the dydrocarbon components wrapped in wax crystal structure of experthypercoagulable point. Viscosity reducer polymer molecules is characterized by the formation of new hydrogenbonds with the heteroatoms of the asphalts and asphaltens molecules and specific hydrogen atoms, making the accumulation of glial asphaltens-like three-dimensional structure to stretch, while viscosity reducer polymer’s molecular structure of long-chain alkyl can be dissolved to reduce the pour point of heavy oil, thereby reducing the viscosity of heavy oil and paraffin molecules.In this paper, the characteristics of low-temperature condensation of chemical molecular structural characteristics of the resin and asphaltene of the heavy oil and paraffin molecules from kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of hydrogen bonds, as well as viscosity reducer molecules dissolved in the heavy oil starting to design the viscosity reducing aggregate molecules. The design principle is the use of unsaturated alkyl esters as a polymerization first monomer with O, N, S heteroatompolar monomers as the second, the third monomer in solution polymerization and emulsion polymerization method to synthesize binary or ternary copolymers. Eight kind of viscosity reduction of polymer synthesis and characterization of infrared, molecular weight, particle size and thermal analysis.Article of Daqing Linyuan station outbound heavy oil viscosity reduction in the synthesis of eight polymer soluble diluent was prepared by the viscosity reducer, exercise and stick to market existing products, EVA-1as the reference standard comparison of the degree of test. The SYA-265B kinematic viscosity of petroleum products thermostatic bath,0.8mm and0.6mm capillary viscosity reducer by adding varying amounts of heavy oil system at different temperatures under determination of kinematic viscosity. Such as butyl acrylate-styrene-styrenesulfonate copolymer for Daqing crude oil viscosity reduction rate reached83.2percent, an increase of8percentage points compared to EVA-1; The maximum viscosity reduction rate of Dodecyl Methacrylate-ethylene copolymer material reached85.2percent, an increase of10percentage points than the EVA-1.With the temperature increased, the viscosity reduction rate of various viscosity reducing agent is gradually reduced. Such as EVA-1, the dosage is500ppm conditions, the viscosity reduction rate of40℃、50℃、60℃、70℃and80℃were77%,68.8%,64.6%,60.3%and55.7%. The dosage of viscosity reducer has a greater impact on the viscosity reduction effect. Such as commodity EVA-1and synthesized EVA in the best effect to increase the amount of viscosity reduction is500ppm, while above1000ppm the viscosity reduction rate would decrease.Viscosity reduction of the same kinds of polymers with different molecular weight and viscosity reduction effect is not the same. Conditions such as the same viscosity reduction, the maximum viscosity reduction of the goods EVA-1was77%, while theindependent synthesis of EVA viscosity reduction rate of97.6%.The same kind of viscosity reducer is different for different types of crude oil viscosity reduction effect. Such as Daqing crudes, maximum viscosity reduction rate of mixed esters--4-vinyl pyridine--styrene copolymer is70.3%, while for Shengli crudes, the viscosity rate reached79.1%with the dosage of463ppm.Viscosity reduction effect is more pronounced.Daqing crude oil was observed before and after joining the viscosity reducing agent under electron microscope. Results showed that the number of colloidol particles were more and small size before adding the polymer, while the particles size was significantly larger and the number decreased largely with the polymer added. It show that the viscosity reduction of the polymer and the colloid in the crude oil can reduce the affection between asphaltene and paraffin, then reduce the viscosity.Molecular dynamics simulation were used to simulat the crude oil. Potential energy of crude oil system decreased significantly, while non-bond energy increased negatively. It show that the aggregation state of resin and asphaltene molecules changed, the resin and asphaltens molecule originally gathered are absorbed on the polymer, and long alkyl side chain can also absorb the paraffin wax crystals, help to reduce the viscosity. The simulation results explained the fact that the viscosity reduction facts.