The Study On Evaluation Of Ecosystem Health And Protecting Strategies Of Coastal Wetland In Yancheng, Jiangsu Province

Wetland ecological system is one of the three most important ecosystems in the world. The health of wetland ecological system has a big effect on protecting global ecological balance. Yancheng Coastal Wetland plays an important role in wetland resources in our country. For a long time, with the developing of economy and society, contradiction between land and human is becoming more and more acute. It has caused a series of problems. Large amount of coastal wetland was reclaimed; animal habitat was occupied and the biodiversity was threatened. Coastal wetland in this area has suffered destruction, which severely affected the health of ecosystem and sustained development. This article takes Yancheng Coastal Wetland as research subject. On basis of analysis philological material and on-the-spot investigation, this article expounds the realities of this area. Then it uses PSR model to evaluate ecosystem health which can help analyzing the factors that affect it. In the same time, referring to the experience from both home and abroad, this article puts forward corresponding measures in protecting wetland to provide reference for coastal wetland preservation and sustained development.First of all, on basis of analysis philological material and on-the-spot investigation, this article introduces related concepts and the physical geographical condition and socioeconomic status of Yancheng Coastal Wetland. Second, this article refers to related research results from both home and abroad. According to theory about evaluation of the wetland ecosystem health, it is divided into five conditions. They are sick, general sick, fragile, sub-healthy and healthy. And build index system of Yancheng Coastal Wetland ecosystem health. This index system divides into three parts including wetland pressure indexes, wetland state indexes and wetland response indexes. There are18indexes in all. Evaluation criterion is given at the same time. Third, this article gives health evaluation of Yancheng Coastal Wetland. Calculate each index weight by using Analytic Hierarchy Process. Combining the results with evaluation criterion and PSR model, it can be worked out that the ecosystem health index of Yancheng Coastal Wetland is2.9861, so the condition there is fragile. Forth, analyse the main factors that affect ecosystem health in this area. Research now suggests that large-scale reclamations, worsening environmental pollution, unreasonable utilization of wetland resources and imperfect management system are main factors. Last, to investigate the ecosystem health of Yancheng Coastal Wetland and the factors that found, referring to the experience from both home and abroad, put forward protection measures. In protecting the wetland, control the scale and speed of reclamation, perfect the law system, increase capital input for environmental protection, establish community co-management system and wetland ecological compensation mechanism, strengthen construction and management of existing reserves, develop the ecological tourism reasonably, step up scientific research and enlarge the propagation and education.