Study On Evaluation Of Ecosystem Services In Shandong Coastal Waters

Marine ecosystem as the largest one on the earth, plays a huge role in human life,social and economic development. However, with the increasing of world’spopulation and the demand for resources, human begin to grab resources from land toocean, so marine ecosystem, especially the inshore ecosystem, bears theunprecedented pressure. With the increasing of population and industry agglomerationon the coastal area, the health of coastal ecosystem was threatened seriously. It isnecessary to evaluate marine ecosystem services. We can be aware ofthe importance of marine ecosystem more clearly. The research results can provide thebasis for the sustainable management of regional seas.Shandong province carries the national strategy of Shandong Peninsula BlueEconomic Zone, so the importance of ocean ecosystem is self-evident. However,Shandong coastal ecosystem also burdens with the ecological pressures, such asover-exploitation of resources, serious pollution, habitat destruction. The servicevalue of Shandong coastal ecosystems and their spatial distribution characteristicsprovide a scientific basis to develop mairne management and mairne use planningand compensation policies in Shandong coastal waters.Based on the national standard “Techinical Guidelines for Marine EcologicalCapital Assessment”, this paper identified and valuated the services of Shandongcoastal ecosystems. The spatial distribution map of each services of Shandong coastalwaters were made to reveal the characteristics of spatial distribution. The mainconclusions are as follows.1. In2008, the total value of ecosystem services is152.9billon CNY in31584km2coastal waters of Shandong, and the average value is484CNY/km2. Among fourgroups of services of Shandong coastal waters, the value of cultural services is thehighest about89billon CNY; the following is provisioning services,57.6billon CNY;the next is regulating services,23billon CNY; and the lowest value is4.1billon CNY provided by supporting services. Among nine elements of services, the value ofrecreation and maricultural production is higher, about58.2%and29.6%of the totalservices value, respectively. The order of other seven services value from high to lowis fishing production>oxygen production>maintaining ecosystem diversity>maintaining species>climate regulation>waste treatment> scientific services.2. Among the seven coastal cities of Shandong province, the services value ofQingdao, Yantai, and Weihai had higher value than the other four cities. The servicesvalue of the coastal waters surrounding the three cities accounted for34.75%,27.22%and23.15%of total value, respectively. There are three utilization models ofecosystem services in Shandong coastal waters: Dongying, Binzhou, and Weifangbelong to the Provisioning-Service model; Yantai and Weihai belong to theProvisioning-Cultural-Service model, while Qingdao and Rizhao belong to Cultural-Service model.3. The total value of Shandong coastal ecosystem services show a decreasingtrend from onshore to open sea. The maricultural and tourism areas show higherservice value.4. Maricultural production, fishing production, oxygen production and speciesdiversity maintaining are significantly positively intercorrelated.