| Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was the second largest general-purpose resin in the world, and one of the most widely used thermoplastic resin. Essential lubricants are necessary in PVC processing because of the friction between the PVC, PVC melt and metal surfaces of processing machinery, which would reduce the viscosity of the melt flow resistance. Now, Ester lubricants, which had the advantage of low toxicity, environmentally friend, low cost, versatility, etc, would be the main development trend of PVC lubricants.A series of multifunctional PVC lubricants was synthesized through green synthesis process in this paper, including epoxy glycol oleate, epoxy pentaerythritol oleate and maleic glycol oleate. The structure of the lubricants was confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the lubrication, secondary stability, plasticity, PVC thermal degradation process and ultraviolet resistance was investigated with torque rheometer, whiteness instrument,differential scanning calorimetry,thermogravimetric analyzer, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry photometer.The experiment results showed that the esterification rate and epoxy value of epoxy glycol oleate reached the highest value of78.06%and2.29g/100g, when the amount of the catalyst (sodium bisulfate) was0.4%of the total mass, hydrogen peroxide dosage was6.8g, the esterification temperature and time were160℃and3h, and the epoxidation reaction temperature and time were60℃and2h, and the esterification rate and epoxy value of epoxy pentaerythritol oleate reached the highest value of89.94%and6.85g/100g, when the amount of the catalyst (toluene sulfonic acid) was0.6%of the total mass, the mole ratio of acid and alcohol was4:1, hydrogen peroxide dosage was6.8g, the esterification temperature and time were160℃and3h, and the epoxidation reaction temperature and time were60℃and2h. When processing with metal soaps, the external lubricity was better and processing with lubricants326S, the internal lubricity was better. They had secondary thermal stability in the beginning for the PVC processing, and good plasticity. Epoxy groups played the role of the absorbing HC1phase for the PVC processing. Maleic glycol oleate had Ultraviolet resistance in the beginning for the PVC processing too. Epoxy pentaerythritol oleate had better than epoxy glycol oleate. Epoxy compounds had better exteral lubricity than maleic compounds. In this paper, the synthesis of novel PVC multifunctional lubricant had a green production process, which was advantageous to promote to the present industrial production. |
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