Study On Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions Trading Mechanism

The per capita amount of resources in our country have always been staying at a low level. With the rapid development of the economy, it have brought manifold negative impact to our environment, such as land desertification, crisis of water resources, acid rain pollution, ozone depletion and so on. The environmental quality is declining year by year. At present, how to achieve the harmonious development between economy and environment has been a crucial research topic in our country even in the whole world.The emissions trading is an economical method through efficient allocation of environmental capacity resources of the market. It is the best way, which can meet the needs of environmental quality and satisfy the object of environmental resources efficiency, in the meantime, reduce the cost of management, promote the technological progress and speed up the upgrade of the industrial structure, to protect the environment and resources. Emissions trading system is a system that gives value to environment capacity resource, determines the property rights and its trading. The emissions trading is a new management of environment economy, it solves the environmental problems that have become increasingly prominent at a lower economic cost. The concept is in accord with the requirements of the coordinated development between the economy and environment in modern society. Since1968, the developed countries have began the trial of a series of emissions trading, and formed a perfect emissions trading mechanism. Meanwhile, it also proves the advantages of emissions trading mechanism of environmental pollution. In order to resolve the relationship between environmental protection and economic development, on the1990s, China began to learn the current mature emissions trading mechanism from the developed countries, in addition, the experimental work was carried out in the specified cities, but the result was unsatisfactory with few cases succeeded. Therefore, in order to make emissions trading widely and effectively used in China’s environmental protection, it is necessary to conduct a more in-depth analysis and research on emissions trading mechanism.This thesis introduces the period of three representatives of environmental protection, the background of emissions and related concepts, the advantages of emissions trading, the basic principles of emissions trading, the comparison of developed countries’ emissions trading with China, the enlightenment to the emissions trading in China from developed countries and so forth. Then the further analysis is made of the past and existing emissions trading mechanism in developed countries and offers some enlightenments of the emissions trading of our country:according to different environmental problems and formulate corresponding management system; to make pollutant discharge standards and establish the monitoring system; to make the emissions trading policy legal. And conducts a comparative study on the trial emissions trading with China in recent years, consequently comes to the emissions trading mechanism that is suitable for China, namely, in the idea, to establish "credit transaction", and disseminate widely among the enterprises; in the platform construction, to allow the low cost of the network trading as the platform, to establish institutions as the main management monitoring mechanism of emissions trading platform, and make the policies of the transaction mode, price, cost, tax, etc., together with related transaction process; from the macro application, aiming at the imbalanced economy and the obvious regional differences of our country, to strengthen the functions of the government, unify technical specification, to realize the macroeconomic control of the total amount of emissions trading and sustainable development of atmospheric pollutant emissions trading. The mechanisms are different from the foreign countries no matter in the market economy system and in the planned economy system. Thus, we shouldn’t draw lessons from the foreign experience, on the contrary, we should combine with our national situation and explore the emission trading mechanism which is truly suitable for our country gradually.