Synthesis And Application Of Perfluorocarbon Chain Water And Oil Repellent Finishing Agent

In order to satisfy the requirments of the special working environment, the development of water-repellent and oil-repellent finishing agent is growing rapidly and widely. Because of the excellent performance of water-repellent, oil-repellent and antifouling, the fluorinated finishing agents are widely applied in the field of functional finishing. The currently used finishing agents are perfluorooctylic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) or the compounds containing more perfluoroalkyl chains. Organic fluorine finishing agent with a long perfluoroalkyl chain (Cn F2n+1-,n≥8) has a good effect on lowering the free energy and improving the surface property. The compound with the long perfluoroalkyl chain can be degradated to PFOA or PFOS in nature but it is difficult to be further degradated. PFOA and PFOS have the ability of long-distance migration and they can be found in plants, animals and human beings, also have the biocumulative performance and potential carcinogenesis. With people’s attention on such issues, the application of compounds containing long perfluoroalkyl chain will be limited more and more. So it needs to find the surrenal which can not only lower the surface free energy but also is without the long perfluoroalkyl chain. Owing to the undegradable property of the finishing agent is proportional to the length of fluorocarbochain, the study of the finishing agent with the short fluorocarbochain is very important.In this paper, with the N-alkylation reaction, the Williamson etherification reaction and the alcoholysis reaction, the fluorine-containing monomer was synthesized, while perfluorohexyl sulfonyl fluoride which had only six perfluorocarbochain was as the raw material. The terpolymer emulsion was polymerized with the fluorine-containing monomer, octadecyl acrylate and acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate as the raw material. And the terpolymer emulsion doesn’t have long perfluoroalkyl chain, but have the water-repellent and oil-repellent performance.This paper is divided into three parts:(1) The effects of time, the molar ratio of raw material, temperature and the solvent on the synthesis of N-propyl-perfluorohexyl sulfonamide were discussed and the product was characterized by IR,1H NMR and13CNMR. The optimum reaction conditions were:the reaction time was4h; perfluorohexyl sulfonyl fluoride:n-propylamine:triethylamine (molar ratio) was1:1.1:1.3to1.5; the solvent is isopropyl ether.(2) The effects of time and the molar ratio of raw material on the synthesis of N-propyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorohexyl sulfonamide were discussed and the pruduct was characterized by IR,1H NMR and13CNMR. The surface tension of N-propyl-N-hydroxyethyl perfluorohexyl sulfonamide was28.63mN/m. The optimum reaction conditions were: N-propyl-the perfluorohexyl sulfonamide:2-chloroethanol:KOH (molar ratio) was1:3:3; N-propyl-perfluorohexyl sulfonamide and KOH was reacted at40℃for2h, then2-chloro ethanol were added, and the reaction time was21h.(3) The finishing agent monomer was synthesized by alcoholysis reaction and it was characterized by IR,1H NMR and13CNMR. The monomer, the octadecyl acrylate and the methacrylate-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate were polymerized to form a terpolymer emulsion. And the emulsion was applied on fabrics which was shown a good function of water-repellent, antifouling, as well as certain oil-repellent.