Multi-target Optimization Of The Waste-dump Of Surface Mine

At present, China is on a new stage of industrialization, urbanization andtransformation of economic society. As a result, the contradiction between less landsupply and rising land demand has been more and more evident. How to keep thebalance among food safety, economic development and ecological protection has beenthe most significant and difficult case in land resources management. Data analysisshows a continuing decrease of average arable land, which means that we are facingto the fact of grim situation in the protection of cultivated land. Consequently, ourcountry puts forward clearly that land of large mining area must be utilized intensively.Beautiful China was stressed in the18thCPC National Congress, which shows thatthe construction of ecological civilization has been put in a higher level. To constructGreen Mine is one of the significant content of ecological civilization, whichrequires standardization and severization in land reclamation in mine area. A aconsequent, study in reclamation technology and techniques is valuable and importantin practical terms.On the basis of a whole summarize of techniques, methods, landscapereconstruction and system security in land reclamation, the study points out thattechnological innovation should be carried out as well as strengthening multi-targetsrestriction research of land reclamation in mine.For these reasons, the study starts on the basis of multi-target optimization of thewaste-dump of surface mine, construct constraints from four aspects: Maximumavailable land, least cost, optimization of landscape construction and biologicaldiversity. On this basis, a biological landscape model can be constructed which couldmeet the demands of economy, society, nature, ecology and policy. The conclusions ofthe study include the following aspects:(1) Considering the dump space demand,security of production and life, and economic benefits, the slope angle of the model is35, with an area of937.20hm2, the rate of reclamation is77.6%.(2) Similar case ofsurrounding area is chosen to verify the model, validation shows that the mode can well adapted to the local situation.(3) Choosing the same scale of area in surroundingplaces as example, using biological abundance index to measure the biodiversity, thenwe can arrive at the conclusion that the normalized correlation coefficient ofbiological abundance is520.00, with the practical index of33.08, the economic indexof99.62. The data represents that the index of economic model is far greater than thepractical model, which is close to the best biological abundance of the area. Throughverification, this model could be set as the biological landscape model.