Study On The Atomized Airflow Dyeing Properties Of Polyester And Its Blend Fabrics

Polyester and its blend fabrics are largely used in the current textile industry, but there are some problems in its conventional dyeing process such as high energy consumption and wastewater emission. Now the process of efficient, saving energy and low liquor ratio dyeing has become the trend of dyeing and finishing industry for high-grade fabrics. Atomized airflow dyeing machine can atomize dyeing solution into micro drop and then spray to the fabric, it has the advantage of lower liquor ratio, short process flow, energy saving, and it can largely reduce the consumption of water and wastewater emission if the machine can be used in the dyeing of polyester and its blend fabrics. But the production enterprises are lack of the atomized airflow dyeing process for polyester and its blend fabrics, which will occur various staining diseases with the conventional dyeing process in the atomized airflow dyeing machine. This paper studied the atomized airflow dyeing of polyester and its blend fabrics, discussed the dyeing kinetics and dyeing thermodynamics of disperse dyeing on the polyester in the condition of atomized airflow, the adaptability of common disperse dyes in the atomized airflow dyeing and the atomized airflow dyeing process of polyester and its blend fabric, then discussed the difference of influence in structure and properties of polyester fiber with the atomized airflow dyeing and the conventional dyeing process, provided the theory and technology support for promoting the atomized airflow dyeing.First, this paper studied the dyeing kinetics and dyeing thermodynamics of disperse dyeing on the polyester with atomized airflow dyeing and conventional dyeing process, it turns out that the diffusion coefficient, dyeing rate and dyeing affinity is lager with atomized airflow of Disperse Blue2BLN on polyester, and the dyeing heat and dyeing entropy is lower than conventional dyeing process, indicating that atomized airflow can enhance the diffusion and dyeing process of disperse dyeing on the polyester; and the adsorption isotherm is Nernst also.Second, according to the features of atomized airflow dyeing, this paper studied the influence of different disperse dye and dosage, liquor ratio to the stability of disperse dye and dyeing rate in disperse dyeing on the polyester, discussed the types and properties characteristics of disperse dyeing that suit for atomized airflow dyeing. It turned out that:the stability of disperse dye reduced with the increase of dosage, and the stability of disperse dyeing with large polar and molecular weight, complex molecular structure, strong linearity is low, such as Disperse Blue2BLN and Disperse Orange E-3R, their dyeing rate is lower than1%(o.w.f),2%(o.w.f)when it’s dosage is3%(o.w.f), liquor ratio has little effect in dyeing rate, we can use the disperse dyeing with small polar and molecular weight, simple molecular structure, low linearity in atomized airflow dyeing, and adding some dispersant to the unstable disperse dye to improve the stability and dyeing property.Next, this paper studied the compatibility of disperse dye and cationic dye in one bath according to the atomized airflow dyeing of the polyester acrylic blended fabrics, find out that adding Anti-precipitant JinXing K-H2can improve the stability of the mixed dyeing solution and determined the dosage to1.2～16g/L, analyzed the staining of cationic dyes on the polyester fabric and the staining of disperse dyes on the acrylic fabric, and the influence of dyeing temperature on acrylic yarns and polyester, and a suitable dyeing process of the polyester acrylic blended fabrics with disperse dyes and cationic dyes in one-bath has been established:disperse dyes X%(o.w.f), cationic dyes Y%(o.w.f), JinXing K-H2in1.2～1.6g/L, pH≈5, dying begin with30℃to115℃with30-40min in1℃/min,then reduce to50～60℃in2℃/min. This process is also suitable for polyester and cationic modification polyester blended fabrics, as a new way for disperse dyes and cationic dyes in one-bath.Finally, this paper discussed the difference of influence in structure and properties of polyester fiber with the atomized airflow dyeing and the conventional dyeing process,, it turned out that both of the two dyeing process have penetrable dye to the disperse dyeing on the polyester without injuring the fiber surface, and enhance the crystallinity, reach the demand of production, but the fabric with atomized airflow dyeing is more soft than the conventional dyeing process. A new atomized airflow dyeing process for polyester fabric and polyester acrylic blended fabrics has been established.