The Research Of The The Externalities Of Urban Rail Transit

With the rapid development of China economy, the level of urbanizationimprove gradually, the urban traffic congestion problem increasingly, the traditionaltransportation system has been unable to meet the urban development and theresident travel demand. Therefore, development the speed，big traffic，low pollutionand high efficiency of the urban rail transit projects will become city ease trafficproblems, building integrated traffic system of important projects. But, as quasi citypublic goods, the urban rail transit has great externality. According to theconstructing and operating actuality, most urban rail transits are still allowanced bythe government with a low profit except Honkong, London and Tokyo.This thesis according to the externality theory of the economics make aclassifying, analyzing, evaluating and internalizing research on the externality, norder to realize urban rail transit the internalization of external benefits and urbanrail transit the virtuous cycle of supply.Firstly, the urban rail transit externality isclassified into the positive and the negative according to the effect of the externalityinfluence and carries on the thorough analysis.Secondly, selecting the quantitativeindex scientifically and constructing a reasonable comprehensive evaluation systemusing the with and without comparison method and willingness to pay method doquantitative analysis for the externality of the urban rail transit. Then, using theChangsha Metro Line2project carries on the empirical analysis, obtained thepositive externality of urban rail transit is far greater than the negative externality,and carry oncomprehensive benefit evaluation.This thesis through the research on the externality of the urban rail transit, this thesisexpounds the internalization theory using externality realize the role of theinternalization of external benefits, and discusses the methods of internalization, andraised the urban rail transit the internalization of externality of threecountermeasures: the government programs–the Pigou tax, market schemes-coaseproperty transactions internalization theory, enterprise merger plan,.It is good forstrengthening urban rail transit invests and accelerating the urban rail transitconstruction,at the same time it has certain stimulative effect and practicalsignificance.