| Wheel loader is one kind of engineering machines about spading soil and transporting. Ithas the properties of rapid working speed, high efficiency and well maneuverability, so it hasbecome the main type of engineering machines for site operation. Drive axle is a key structuralcomponent of the transmission system of a wheel loader, accurate stimulating load analysis anddynamic response are the foundation of the dynamic characteristic analysis of drive axle. Byusing the virtual prototype technology to analyse and predict the dynamic response of the driveaxle transmission components, the transmission property can be improved, and the research anddevelopment cycle can be shorten. The drive axle housing sustains the load of the wheel loaderand transmit the load to the wheels, besides, it bears various forces and impacts both from roadand the vehicle itself. According to the theoretical study, the main style of forcing the ruin of theaxle housing is the fatigue failure which is caused by the long-term accumulation of damagecaused by the cyclic loading.Taking the drive axle of the wheel loader as the study object, this paper combines a specialproject of major technology in charge by the Zhejiang province science and technologydepartment, named "Study of key technologies and industrialization of the drive axle housing ofwheel loader"(2009C11111). In this paper, the analysis of dynamic properties and study of thefatigue life prediction of the axle housing of ZL50drive axle have been conducted. Firstly, useUG software to build the three dimensional models of all the parts of the drive axle and thenfinish the assembly. Also the theoretical analysis of both kinematics and dynamics have beencarried out. Considered the flexible effect between the axle housing and driver shaft, throughestablishing the mode neutral file of axle housing and drive shaft, they are regarded as flexiblebody. Then according to one kind of practical working condition of the wheel loader, build thespectrum between the tyre and road surface, obtain the rigid and flexible coupling multibodydynamic simulation model of the drive axle in Adams software to conduct the kinematic anddynamic simulation analysis. Finally some dynamic properties of the drive axle transmissionsystem can be got, and the results of simulation are basically identical with the theoretical ones. Because the working condition of the wheel loader is relatively complicated, this paper aims atthe dynamic analysis of wheel loader under the condition of passing through some kind ofemulational road surface, then conduct the dynamic safety analysis of the main loadedcomponents of the drive axle, obtain the dynamic load file, combine with the Ansys software tocarry out the finite element static analysis of the axle housing, then use the analysis results toobtain the stress spectrum of the axle housing. In the fatigue analysis module of Nsoft, thefatigue life prediction of the axle housing based on its finite element model has been made, thefatigue life nephogram and minimum fatigue life of the axle housing can be obtained.Aiming at the calculated results of the fatigue life theory above, the author has conductedthe dynamic test of the drive axle housing of wheel loader under practical working condition,and detailed analysis of the collected load data has been made. Using the data processing moduleof Nsoft, conduct the rainflow counting process of the measurement data, and rain flow/damagehistogram and damage time history of the stress-time history of all sample points can be got.Besides, carry out the calculation and analysis of the fatigue life of axle housing based on actualmeasured load spectrum, finally make comparison with the results of theoretical calculation.The analysis of dynamic properties of the drive axle on wheel loader and study of fatiguelife prediction of the axle housing in this paper have laid foundation for the further optimumdesign of the drive axle, also supply a reference of analysis of dynamic property and anti-fatiguedesign for the parts and components for other vehicles and machines. |
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