Study Of The Ecological Risk Assessment And The Control Measures Of Construction Of Highway From Jilin To Caoshi Based On Index Analysis

This paper takes the highway from Jilin to Caoshi. The changes of biomass andlandscape patterns in forest and farmland ecosystem were investigated before andafter the construction of the highway. We also monitored and predicted the noise andthe air environmental quality. We used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) andcomprehensive index method to calculate the comprehensive index of the ecologicalrisk thus preliminarily estimating the ecological risk of the region along the highway.The comprehensive ecological risk of the evaluated region after the constructionof the highway between Jilin and Caoshi is2.33times as much as that beforeconstruction. The indexes chosen in this paper after the construction of the highwaysuch as biodiversity index, pollution risk index, landscape ecological risk index andsoil erosion risk index are1.17,1.39,1.57,4.47times respectively as much as thosebefore construction. Comparing the results we can predict the potential ecological riskbrought by the construction of the highway thus taking effective measures to reducethe ecological risk according to the characteristics of the ecological risk. This paperwill be valuable in reducing the potential ecological risk of the regional environmentwhen constructing highways in Jilin Province in the future.The study indicates that ecological risk of the highway after construction ishigher than that before construction. The soil erosion contributes most to the potentialecological risk and this is mainly caused by large amount of cut-and-fill lead by theconstruction of roadbed, road surface and bridge. On the other hand the highway goesthrough a few different landscape regions which occupies large tracts of the lands sothat it increases the ecological risk of the landscape and ecological diversity along thehighway. With the increase of the traffic flow after the construction of the highway,the ecological pollution risk also goes up in the region studied. This paper willprovide criteria for the construction of the highway and the administration of theecological risk in Jilin Province.