Analysis And Research Of Electrical Failure Of Low Voltage Power Distribution System

Nowadays, more and more fires have to do with building electrical fires and many great electricalfires have been happened related to building electrical fires. According to statistics, occurred frequentlybuilding electrical fires have caused serious economic loss and casualty. In China fire identificationtechnology and method haven’t developed fully. As to in-depth understanding the characteristics ofelectrical fires and electrical energy propagation after electrical faults and accurate identification ofelectrical fire failures, it is beneficial to inquiry into the reasons for the fire in time, take effectiveactions to guard against the fire’ spread and carry out prevention directed against the fires. Unluckily,the studies mostly aim at the reasons of building electrical fires in China. There are few studies for theelectrical fires’ characteristics and identification methods and electrical energy propagation’scharacteristics after electrical faults. Even if several related studies have appeared, there are manyshortcomings. There are few studies for the electrical fires’ features and recognition methods deeply.To begin with, this paper makes a brief introduce of the low-voltage distribution system andgrounding scheme, deeply analysis the features of building electrical fires’ time and region. Meanwhile,we study the electrical energy propagation’s characteristics after electrical faults. It is shown thatelectrical energy in fault circuits is redistributed and spread, then transmitted into heat and light, andlights insulator around equipments or flammables surrounding equipments, and ultimately causes a fire.Secondly, the paper presents a simulation of several common electrical failures in low-voltagedistribution system, including short circuit fault, unbalanced three-phase fault when neutral point isdisconnecting and open phase and gains the changes of voltage and electric current in electrictransmission line when the above electrical failures are undergoing. Thirdly, in order to achieve visualeffect, we use a simulation model to design the graphical user interface. Finally, we identify the patternsof the voltage and electric current when the above electrical faults are going on using neural network inmatlab. By results of exercise, test and forecast, we find that the effects of building electrical fires’identification methods are well. This study could provide references for investigation and prevention ofelectrical fires.