| Using traditional cotton planting model as the control, this experiment studied the micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model(Micro-ditch of 15cm, plastic film mulching,sowing in the hole perforated on the film), soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model, short season cotton planting model in low-grade saline-alkali land and heavy saline-alkali land of Cangzhou. Dynamic determinate soil volumetric water content, the soil conductivity,seedling emergence rate and seedling rate, morphological index, dry mater accumulation, LAI, chlorophyll, soluble protein, MDA, SOD, POD, photosynthesis , fluorescence, yield, yield components and the cotton fiber quality. The results were as follows:1. In low-grade saline-alkali cotton field, compared with traditional planting model, soil water content of root zone under micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model was significantly increased, soil electrical conductivity was significantly decreased than that of traditional planting model; On budding period, plant height, stem diameter and dry matter under micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model respectively increased by 10.50%, 6.90%, 8.91% than the traditional model. The SOD, POD activity and the proline content of functional leaves were reduced by 13.7%, 18.0%, 11.7%. Boll weight and yield respectively increased by 7.34%, 8.07%; It can be concluded that Micro-ditch and overbite-membrane have the effects of rainwater-collecting and salt-pressing, which enhanced the seedling quality situation. Therefore the micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model can increase the yield.2. In low-grade saline-alkali cotton field, transplant survival rate of soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model was significantly higher than the rate of seedling emergence under traditional model, Seedling rate is higher significantly than the traditional model 30 days after transplanting; Compared with traditional planting model, its accumulation of dry matter is lower in seedling stage, and higher in late stages; in whole process of growing, the differences of physiological index(the soluble of protein, MDA, SOD, POD, etc)between two models did not reach significant level; Compared with traditional planting model, the number of bull of soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model was decreased by 4.7%, single boll weight was increased by 7.8%. The differences of yield, lint percentage, cotton fiber quality were not reached significant level.3. In low-grade saline-alkali cotton field, the differences of emergence rate, seedling rate between traditional planting model and short season planting model were not reached significantly level; The morphological index (plant height and stem diameter .etc) of short season planting model was lower than traditional planting model; The dry matter accumulation was not reached significant level in seedling stage, but reached significant level in late stage, which was corresponding with variety characteristics of short cotton season; The dynamic change of LAI, SOD, POD, MDA were corresponding with early onset and short growth stage characters of short season cotton; The total bolls, single boll weight, seed cotton yield reduced by 4.7%, 4.8%, 22.2%, and lint percentage increased by 6.8%, All reached significantly level.4. In heavy saline-alkali cotton field, the difference of emergence rate, seedling rate between micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model and traditional model was not reached significantly level; The morphological index (plant height and stem diameter .etc), the dry matter accumulation, LAI, physiological index(contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, MDA, SOD, POD, photosynthesis , fluorescence, etc), yield, yield components and the cotton fiber quality, between micro-ditch and overbite-membrane planting model and traditional model was not reached significantly levelIt showed that: in heavy saline-alkali cotton field, micro-ditch and overbite-membrane model have no obvious effects on rainwater-collecting and salt-pressing.5. In heavy saline-alkali cotton field, The transplant survival rate under soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model was significantly lower than the emergence rate under traditional model. Seedling rate is higher significantly than the traditional model 30 days after transplanting. It showed that: in heavy saline-alkali cotton field, the transplant survival rate of soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model was lower, but once it was survival, its seedling rate is higher. Because the seedlings under soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model were treated by repeated salt stress in the revival time, whose salt tolerance were greatly improved; The transplant survival rate of soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting was only 15%, and transplanting density was according to target density, therefore soilless-substrate and root-naked transplanting planting model is not suitable for heavy saline-alkali cotton field.6. In heavy saline-alkali cotton field, the differences of morphological index, dry matter accumulation between short season cotton planting model and traditional model were not reached significant level. Because short season cotton planting model’s population is large, its dry matter accumulation and yield is greater than traditional model; the content of MDA of functional leaves under short season planting model was higher significantly than traditional model in the late stage, and LAI was lower than traditional model, the stage of expulsion rate arriving maximum value was earlier than traditional model, which was showing the variety characteristics of short cotton season; Plant height under short season model was keep stable after July 25th, traditional model was still increasing; Compared with traditional planting model, short season cotton planting model yield was increased by 14.7%, which was reached significant level; In conclude, in heavy saline-alkali cotton field, short season cotton model is a water-saving, labour-saving, and high yield cotton planting model. |
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