Suitable For Grape Planting Patterns In Shandong And Exploration Of Supporting Technologies

Grape is one of the most important fruits in the world.It has become a leading economic industry in many parts of China and an important source of income for farmers to become rich.As grape production levels continue to increase and the grape;demand market continues to expand,simple open field viticulture is no longer sufficient for consumers and producers.At this time,the research and application of facility viticulture technology has become more and more important.This paper aims to provide technical support for farmers' grape cultivation by analyzing grape cultivation techniques under three cultivation modes:open field mode,daylight greenhouse mode and rain-proof mode.To promote the healthy development of the grape industry,1.Analyze and compare the effects of three cultivation modes on the growth,quality and disease resistance of grapes,and obtain a very good development space for daylight greenhouse model.(1)Under different cultivation modes,the grapes of the same experimental variety have different phenological periods.The varieties under the open cultivation mode and the experimental varieties of the rain-proof cultivation mode h ave similar growth temperature environments,and their phenological periods are similar.Due to the protection of the greenhouse,the indoor temperature is relatively high,and the maturity time in the daylight greenhouse mode is short,generally 40-50 days.This will promote the early maturity of the grape fruit,and bring a very good commercial value to the morning market than the open field model,which can bring more benefits to the farmers.(2)In terms of growth characteristics,the greenhouse provides a better environment for the plants,and the germination rate of the tested grapes is higher,the highest is 97.2%(White Rosa),while the open environment is 41.7%,significantly higher.Grape sprouting rate in open field mode.At the same time,the fruit appearance of the tested grapes in the sunlight greenhouse mode is better than that of the grapes grown in the open field mode,showing the weight of the fruit and the weight of the ear,the higher sugar content and the higher soluble solids.(3)In terms of disease resistance,the difference in performance of the test grapes under different cultivation modes is very significant.In the daylight greenhouse mode,outside rain and insect pests can not enter the greenhouse,which can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.In the shelter and open-air mode,pests and diseases are found,and the open air is the most serious.2.Researched cultivars suitable for daylight greenhouse modeStudies have shown that in the Shouguang area of Shandong,the early-maturing varieties are better suited to Auguste and Zaobao in the daylight greenhouse model.The fruits of these two varieties are good in appearance and the intrinsic quality of the flesh is excellent.The selection of Qiuhongbao grape varieties in mid-late maturing varieties is more suitable for promotion in Shandong area.the selection of non-nuclear varieties is better for moonlight-free and super-nuclear varieties.The fruits of these two grape varieties mature earlier,and their flesh is also in quality.Etc.,the grape taste has a special strawberry aroma,and the taste is good.It can be cultivated as a premature seedless variety in Shandong.Due to certain problems,other varieties are not suitable for cultivation in large areas in Shandong Province as economic crops.3.Comprehensive analysis of grape cultivation techniques under daylight greenhouse modeIn the selection of planting varieties,early-ripening or late-ripening grape varieties with no core,large grain,storage and transportation,short dormancy,and rich rose scent should be selected.In the spring of grape cultivation,lime nitrogen should be used to break the dormancy,and timely agricultural operations such as thinning and fruit thinning,bagging,etc.,and reasonable fertilization.In the aspect of pest control of grapes,before the germination of grapes,it is necessary to spray stone sulphur mixture in the shed to control the development of pest diseases,and to control the humidity and temperature in the shed.In the process of viticulture,the prevention and control of pests and diseases are mainly based on prevention.Keep an eye on pests and diseases.