Monitoring And Evaluation Of Soil And Water Conversation On Hydropower Construction In Sichuan

China is the world’s most serious soil erosion, one of the countries, the large area of soil erosion and severe loss of intensity and loss of type as much, but also is rare in the world. According to statistics, China’s annual soil loss of about50million tons of soil erosion intensity than moderate area of193.08km2, the construction of the development and construction projects in which it is to occupy an important role. In view of this situation, in2002the Ministry of Water Resources was formally promulgated the soil and water conservation monitoring and technical regulations (SL277-2002), Development and construction projects and soil conservation monitoring and standardize specific. Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring is one measure that can protect the soil and water resources, improve and protect good ecological environment. And it can provide scientific basis for planning, design, implementation and evaluation of soil erosion control measures through various means such as investigation and measurement and so on.Hydropower Project makes the soil erosion problem seriously, because it takes long time to be finished, and it will produce much spoil because of its large scale. The ecological environmental problems arc particularly serious in Sichuan Province, whose ecological environment is being broken down because of Hydropower Project development. So that we take Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring in Sichuan for example will have a important significance.This study takes Jiangbian Hydropower Project of Jiulong River Basin in Sichuan province for an example. It summarizes characteristics of the soil erosion Hydropower Project,analysis and summarizes methods of the Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring. In This study we make a reasonable index system of oil and Water Conservation Monitoring, And discuss some problems in our monitoring work. The main confusions are followings: (1) The total characteristics of Hydropower Project soil erosion are followings: the water erosion occurs primarily with the occurrence of mass erosion at the same time, mixed erosion such as Mud-rock flow is also very common; it mainly occurs in the construction period, and the movement time soil erosion is slight; the each prevention district is different from the using way and the original landform type, and the soil erosion characteristic is also different; the soil erosion can be reduced if we take soil and water conservation measures in n accordance with the Soil and Water Conservation Program.(2) Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring of Hydropower Project mainly takes the method the ground and the investigation monitoring we both take. First investigate and inspect project area terrain, climate and other natural conditions; And then select a representative to monitor the regional emplacement, and start the ground monitoring. We can use national patent9-eyelets triage method, in ground monitoring. And this method1Pas becomes mature.(3) The principles we set monitoring point in Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring of Hydropower Project are as follows:monitoring the soil erosion condition effectively, mainly considering the typical conservation of water and soil monitor primarily.The principle that we determine the time and frequency of Hydropower Project monitoring, is as follows:①Determine the monitoring period.②Our monitor must have a focus. And we can focus on spoil mark monitoring. especially every year the flood season should increase the monitor frequency In particular, the annual flood season should be increased frequency of monitoring.③We must consider the progress of the construction.(5) The index system of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring of Hydropower Project can be divided into five parts:the background of soil erosion, soil erosion conditions, soil erosion hazards, soil and water conservation and soil conservation measures.There are5index kinds,27index sub-kinds and93indexes in all.(6) The difference between different engineering measures and amount of soil erosion is not significant under certain rainfall condition and the similar slope conditions. Compared with the usual condition, which is the more engineering measures on side slope, the lower the soil erosion, the result is abnormal. (7) We can use observation of soil and water loss to study the soil and water characteristics of the accumulation in hilly areas of Sichuan. Different rainfall in different slope tacks the interacted effects on surface soil loss. Different lopes tack great effects on soil erosion volumes, that slope soil erosion amount is larger when the slope gradient; Under the same slope, soil loss was produced increased with rainfall distribution in one year.