| Against the backdrop of China’s rapid economic development,various production and construction projects have emerged in large numbers across the country.However,during the construction process,it is inevitable that the surface form of the project area and surface vegetation will be disturbed and reshaped,leading to serious soil erosion.To achieve accurate prevention and control of soil erosion in various production and construction projects,a targeted and widely applicable prevention and control technology system must be established.However,due to the complexity of the mechanism of soil erosion in production and construction projects,which is different from that of natural gentle slopes,conventional soil erosion prevention and control technology systems that have been effective in previous experimental research platforms or experimental equipment cannot meet the current needs of soil erosion research in production and construction projects.In order to break through the limitations of experimental research platforms on the study of soil erosion in production and construction projects,this article firstly analyses the research results and hotspots in the field of soil and water conservation in current production construction projects by using CiteSpace visual analysis software,assessed the current research status of the field,summarized experience,and identified shortcomings.Secondly,the Meta-analysis method was used to compare the impact factors of erosion（rainfall intensity,discharge flow,slope,vegetation coverage,erosion control measures）,and critical threshold values for soil erosion were identified.Finally,on the basis of the above analysis,suggestions were made to optimize and enhance the functions of the Yangling Machaoling soil and water loss monitoring station in Shaanxi Province,laying a solid foundation for the establishment of a domestic first-class and internationally leading experimental research platform for soil and water conservation in production and construction projects,and providing a reference for solving regional problems and avoiding detours in soil and water conservation research platforms for various types of production and construction projects across the country.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）Through the analysis of CiteSpace,the current research trends in the field of soil and water conservation for production construction projects are summarised as follows:revealing the mechanism of soil erosion in production and construction projects;studying the role of combined influencing factors on soil erosion in production and construction projects;identifying the thresholds for different types of erosion and their coupled development;modifying and verifying the accuracy of soil erosion prediction models;upgrading and iterating experimental instruments.Using Meta,the erosion effects of factors such as rainfall intensity,discharge flow,slope,erosion control measures,and vegetation coverage were analyzed.The results showed that rainfall intensity is the dominant factor in inducing soil erosion,and rainfall intensity greater than 1.5 mm min-1 has the most significant positive feedback effect on soil erosion.The discharge flow has the greatest impact on soil erosion when it is greater than 15 L min-1.The erosion control benefit is optimal with a strip vegetation pattern having vegetation coverage greater than 45%.（2）An evaluation was conducted on the Soil Erosion Monitoring Station of Ma Chaoling,Yangling,Shaanxi Province.The evaluation found that the station consists of various platforms,including an integrated urban and rural soil and water loss research platform,a simulated experimental platform for engineering deposits soil erosion（two-dimensional and three-dimensional）,a soil erosion research platform for high and steep slopes,a gravity erosion process monitoring platform,and the slope soil erosion process visualization monitoring platform.The station has accumulated years of research experience,advanced facilities,and well-established platforms.The research team is strong with outstanding research capabilities,having undertaken multiple research projects,published numerous high-level papers,and obtained several patents.However,the station’s shortcomings are relatively insufficient types of simulated platforms and related testing equipment configuration,as well as a lack of promotion and application of scientific research results.（3）To analyse the platform functions of Soil and Water Loss Monitoring Station and make suggestions for optimization:1)The simulated experimental platform for soil erosion on steep slopes caused by engineering deposits needs to correct the related factors of RUSLE and conduct applicability research.Construct different slope length engineering deposits and conduct research on the impact of gravel on soil erodibility to optimize the K factor.Strengthen the study of the impact of vegetation measures,vegetation types,and vegetation spatial patterns on soil erosion and the organic carbon and its components in the soil.The simulated experimental platform for“three-dimensional”engineering deposits soil erosion underlayment should conduct long-term monitoring and standardized data storage.It should also construct a stereo deposit including the platform and conduct long-term fixed-point monitoring.2)The monitoring and experimental data should be used to validate the calculation formulas and relevant parameters in the“Guidelines for Calculating Soil Loss in Production and Construction Projects”.Additionally,comparative analysis of erosion processes on two-dimensional and three-dimensional slopes should be strengthened.3)The automated monitoring platform for visualizing the entire slope erosion process should utilize remote sensing by drones for accuracy verification of the automated monitoring platform.The monitoring of slope erosion morphology under continuous rainfall conditions should be realized using digital close-range photography observation systems.Monitoring of rainfall physical characteristics can be achieved by using raindrop physical characteristic observation devices based on image processing technology.4)The gravitational erosion field simulation experimental and research platform,in order to achieve dynamic monitoring of the slope surface during the test,the MX-2010-G geometer should be equipped.To monitor the stability of the slope,fiber-optic sensing technology should be applied to the platform.5)For the field experimental research platform on"urban-rural integration"soil and water loss,different slope runoff plots should be constructed.By using real-time soil moisture temperature monitoring systems and MPS-1 soil water potential sensors,dynamic monitoring of soil moisture content,temperature,and soil water potential on the platform can be achieved.6)Equipped with a simulation experiment device for energy dissipation and sediment control,a comprehensive channel management technology will be established to further verify the effectiveness of flow disturbance and sediment trapping of"energy dissipation and sediment control"plant materials at the bottom of the channel.At the same time,attention should be paid to the construction of river water conservancy projects and ultra-long test zones,in order to better serve research on soil and water conservation for production and construction projects. |
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