| The sweet cherry fruits have the bright color, good taste, charming shape, richnutrition and high sanitarian value. It’s one of the fruit treasures on both theappearance and quality. But sweet cherry is strict to water, temperature, soil and otherenvironmental conditions, and only suitable for narrow cultivation extent. Forexample, sweet cherry often has some trouble as death of shoots in winter owing tophysiological drought, freezing injury, disease, fruit crack and so on. So, the cherriesyield and quality could not meet the need of the market and the old saying is that thesweet cherry fruits are delicious, but the trees are planted hardly. There are the rigiddemands of the market for the sweet cherry production, and it’s also one of the reasonwhy the price of sweet cherry rised sharply. So it’s key to expand the production rangeof the sweet cherry and solve the technology problems in the sweet cherry production.The big cities like Tianjin have high demands for the sweet cherry. It’s suitablefor developing the fruit trees which have high added value and on which the fuirts arenot easy to store. In our country, Tianjin with plenty of sunshine, dry and wild climateis one of the suitable areas for developing fruit trees in greenhouse. Many problems insweet cherry production of the opening fields will be solved through the greenhouseculture in which frost, death of branches and the fruit crack caused by too much rain,diseases and pests will be avoided.Therefore,11sweeet cherry varieties were grown by dwarf and compact plantingin solar greenhouse of TianjinThe phenophase of plants, varietal adaptation, growth characteristics (includingplaning survival rate, germination, branch number, plant height, stem diameter,number of spur and phyllome branch and branching ability), physiologicalcharacteristics (including activity of SOD and POD, MDA, content of soluble sugar,and proline and cell membrane permeability) in different sweet cherry varieties werecompared through use of different root stocks, soils and cultivation technologies(growth restrainer). The purpose of research was to select the suitable sweet cherryvarieties and cultivation technology for greenhouse production, especially to selectsuitable varieties for mild saline-alkali land.The Research Result Showed:1. The phenophase of sweet cherry was about one month earlier in the northgreenhouse than on open field. The phenophase of MZ、RED and AM was earlier,BLA and SUM was later.2. Seven varieties of sweet cherry grew stronger and had higher resistance amongeleven varieties in greenhouse. Planting survival percentage of eight varieties wasover80%. SUM and AM varieties were more suitable for cultivation in northgreenhouse, because they had more short shoots and phyllome shoots andbranches.3. Dwarfing rootstock (Gisela5) increased the rate of planting survival and sprouting,the number of short shoot and phyllome shoot, the content of soluble sugar, activity of PRO and SOD but reduced the height of plants and the cell membranepermeability in leaves.4. Different varieties sweet cherry had different sensitivity to CCC and B9whichdecreased the height of plants, increased the stem diameter and branches of partialvariety.5. Saline and alkali soil significantly reduced the rate of planting survival, sproutingand number of long branches, but increased the number of short branches ofpartial variety and made the plants dwarf.6. Saline and alkali soil increased the relative membrane permeability of cells, thecontent of MDA and soluble sugar, the activity of SOD and POD, reduced theactivity of PRO in partial variety.7. The comprehensive analysis of physiological and biochemical indexes show thatAM、SUM and BLA sweet cherry grafted on Mahaleb rootstock had the strongerresistance to saline and alkali which can be used in mild saline-alkali soil. |
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