Plant Species Diversity And Space Structure Of The Natural Forest Of Picea Schrenkiana.Var Tianshanica

Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica forest is the most important zonal vegetation in Xinjiang, composed as the main part of Tianshan forest ecosystem, the healthy condition of this system affects the ecological stability of Xinjiang and sustainable development of forest industry. This study based on a large sample survey, applied phytocoenology, population ecology and a variety of number of statistical methods, had a study on Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica in western part of Tianshan, its species diversity, Seasonal dynamics of herbage,interspecific association,space structure and Habitat relationships. These results have a reference value to biodiversity protection, forest management, soil and water conservation etc.Diversity of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica forest habitat species are obvious, habitats herbaceous in shady and stand edge shows the highest diveristy, as being undergrowth. Diversity in Sunny ridge is medium, suitable for more forest edge plants; obviously interference by forest edge plants canopy with habitat diversity is minimum, Grazing&tourism interferences caused lower diversity.Seasonal dynamics of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica forest herbage is significant, changes of species, the total number of trees, general covering degree shows unimodal distribution in the growing season from April to September, highest in June and July, April and September is lowest, moderate in May and August; except some of the dominant species, other species has comparatively big change, distributed unevenly; except Aegopodium and Impatiens, other species show declined trend of covering degree and the main value, around0.95, comparatively low in abundance. Abundance of species, Simpson and Shannon-wiener species diversity index changes is same as species number changes, homogeneity is not clear, community stability is comparatively high; the six month growing season, plant number with height<10cm proportion is biggest,(average proportion is58.4%), other height proportion as24.0%,9.2%,4.9%and3.6%, therefore herbage mainly as short plant.Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica forest has a less tree species, as26varieties, and shrubs large proportion; herb species comparatively abundant,162species.1909units DBH≥1cm pl ants has bend found by a survey of192,20m×20m sample. Total of cross-sectional area at b reast height area as291.632m2; Plant number and basal area of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshan ica is the biggest, respectively account for91.5%and97.4%of the total plant number and tota1basal area. T Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica basal dimension distributed as negative index or inverted "J" type. Small dimension individuals and seedling are relatively more. Diversity of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica forest tree species moderate to low, distribution unevenly. Ripley’s K univariate analysis showed that Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica population aggregated distributed when the small and medium scale between0-33m, when the scale is big (>33m) showed as random distribution; along with the growing up of the sapling and small tree, turn from aggregated distributed to random distribution; big tree with small and medium scale (8-25m) shows aggregated distributed, big scale (35-56m) shows uniform distribution, other scale shows random distribution; Coefficient of dispersion, Mean crowding m*, Index of patchiness m*/m and analysis of Parameter K of negative binomial distribution showed that distribution of tree species all showed as aggregated distributed. Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica prefer steep slope habitat, and shady and half shady slight steep slope is not suitable for growing and development of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica; Betula tianschnica prefers shady and half shady slight steep slope habitat; Ribes meyeri prefer sunny and half sunny slight steep slope habitat. Grazing in the Tianshan forest affects the distribution of tree species and preferences of habitat in a certain degree. Picea schrenkiana var. Tianschanica stand is sensitive to the changes of the Slope and Aspect. Stand abundance affected by slope position, however stand Basal areas affected by Slope significantly.Lonicera all scale has no positive correlativity and has no affection on the growth of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica. Population generally shows no significant positive correlation, community structure is stable among the population, no obvious competition with under forest bush; sapling and small tree of Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica the scale of1-2m shows significant positive correlation, Picea schrenkiana.var tianshanica in other age shows no significant correlation in space distribution, there are more benefit correlativity between different dimension individuals.