| This paper took Honghuadajinyuan cultivated in Liangshan tobacco-growing area as experimentalmaterial. Systematic research was conducted which included the changes of tissue structure, pigmentsand main chemical components caused by different maturity degrees. Besides, the most appropriatematurity degree and the most optimizing flue-curing process were determined through flue-curingexperiment. Meanwhile, comprehensive compare about the flue-cured leaves’ quality harvested ondifferent maturity degrees and the changes of some characters of fresh leaves during the maturityprocess was conducted for the first time, on that basis some indexes evaluating the maturity degree oftobacco leaves were put up, such as the thickness of tobacco leaf, the ratio of the thickness of palisadeand spongy tissue, the intercellular space rate, the content of pigments, the content of stalk and totalsugar. Effects caused by temperature, humidity, yellow degree of leaves and the revolving speed of fanin the flue-curing process were considered. The research became more systematic, pertinent and morescientific than ever, so it would support local authorities to formulate the suitable production technicalpractice according to local zoology and productive circumstance. The results were as fellows:1. Along with the improvement of maturity degree, the thickness of leaves, palisade tissue, spongytissue, and the ratio of the thickness of palisade and spongy tissue decreased while intercellular spacerate rose. When the most appropriate maturity of bottom leaves came, their thickness of leaves was313.10±18.62μm, their ratio of the thickness of palisade and spongy tissue was0.90±0.03, theirintercellular space rate was35.08±12.86%. When the most appropriate maturity of middle leaves came,their thickness of leaves was323.01±22.46μm, their ratio of the thickness of palisade and spongy tissuewas0.74±0.06, their intercellular space rate was32.56±14.56%. When the most appropriate maturity ofupper leaves came, their thickness of leaves was342.13±26.41μm, their ratio of the thickness ofpalisade and spongy tissue was0.96±0.08, their intercellular space rate was24.29±11.43%.2. Along with the improvement of maturity degree, the yellow degree of leaves becameincreasingly high for the fall of pigments and the rise of the ratio of Carotenoid and Chlorophyll alongwith the improvement of maturity degree. When the most appropriate maturity of bottom leaves came,the content of Chlorophyll A was0.42±0.06mg/g FW, the content of Chlorophyll B was0.38±0.06mg/g FW, the content of Carotenoid was0.11±0.04mg/g FW. When the most appropriatematurity of middle leaves came, the content of Chlorophyll A was0.71±0.07mg/g FW, the content ofChlorophyll B was0.52±0.06mg/g FW, the content of Carotenoid was0.15±0.02mg/g FW. When themost appropriate maturity of upper leaves came, the content of Chlorophyll A was0.85±0.10mg/g FW,the content of Chlorophyll B was0.62±0.08mg/g FW, the content of Carotenoid was0.15±0.03mg/g FW.3. Along with the improvement of maturity degree, the content of stalk and total sugar ascendedfirstly and then decreased while nicotine had the opposite tendency. The content of reducing sugarincreased continuously while total nitrogen and protein showed inverse performances. When the mostappropriate maturity of bottom leaves came, the content of stalk was12.34±0.81%, the content of total sugar was10.42±0.68%, the content of total nitrogen was1.51±0.11%. When the most appropriatematurity of middle leaves came, the content of stalk was25.64±2.02%, the content of total sugar was21.63±1.70%, the content of total nitrogen was1.92±0.15%. When the most appropriate maturity ofupper leaves came, the content of stalk was28.43±2.68%,the content of total sugar was13.34±1.26%,the content of total nitrogen was1.78±0.15%.4. Comprehensive analysis including the appearance quality, the economic benefit, the chemicalcomposition, the smoking quality showed that when the most appropriate maturity of bottom leavescame, their color became light green, the color changing area was fifty to sixty percent,1/3~1/2of mainvein became white and about1/4of branch vein became white. when the most appropriate maturity ofmiddle leaves became, their color became light yellow, the color changing area was70%~80%, at least2/3of main vein became white and1/2~2/3of branch vein became white. when the most appropriatematurity of upper leaves became, their color became apparently yellow, the color changing area was80%~90%, the main vein became almost white and at least2/3of main vein became white and1/2~2/3of branch vein became white.5. The quality of flue-cured leaves through different processes was compared and the resultsshowed that the treatment with low temperature and low humidity was best in the five differentprocesses. |
PDF Full Text Request