Effects Of Water-logging On Physiological Characters, Pod Yield And Seed Quality Of Peanut

This experiment was conducted in the cultivation pools in the farm of ShandongAgricultural University from2010to2011. The subject was carried out to study the effects ofwater-logging at different growing periods on growth and development, physiologicalcharacters, pod yield and seed quality of peanut by the method of artificial water-logging withpeanut varieties of Nongda818, Xianghua2008and Luhua11. The main research results wereas follows:1. Effects of Water-logging on Growth and Development of PeanutWater-logging at any stage all brought inhibitory effect on biomass accumulation in theleaves and stems of peanut. After water-logging for15days the biomass accumulation witheach water-logging treatments were remain lower than their control. Water-logging atdifferent stages had different reasons for decreasing biomass accumulation in stems of peanut.Water-logging at seeding and flowering stage mainly inhibited the vegetative growth andplant branching of peanut. However, water-logging at pod-setting stage had little effect on thenumber of branches and encouraged the plant stalk thinner. In addition, Nongda818was mostsensitive to water-logging.2. Effects of Water-logging on Physiological Characters of PeanutWater-logging at any stage all decreased physiological characters of peanut.Compared withthe other stages, water-logging at pod-setting stage was inhibited most, and water-logging atflowering stage was next. Water-logging mainly decreased chlorophy Ⅱcontent and solubleprotein content in the leaves of peanut, inhibited photosynthesis rate, ФPSⅡ,Fv/Fm, rootvitality, nitrogen metabolism enzyme NR and GS, then increased the content of MDA and theactive of SPS and ADH of peanut.After water-logging, the chlorophy Ⅱcontent,photosynthesis rate, soluble protein content, nitrogen metabolism enzyme and MDA contentall recovered slowly. However, ФPS Ⅱ, Fv/Fm, root vitality andADH activity recovered fast.Compared the three peanut varieties, water-logging decreased chlorophy Ⅱ contentandphotosynthesis rate of nongda818mostly. After water-logging, peanut mainy removed the reactive oxygen species and free radicalsby increasing the activity of SOD and POD. After water-logging at seeding stage, the activityof SOD, POD and CAT in peanut leaves all reached a high level than water-logging atflowering and pod-setting stages, that was the reason why peanut physiological activity wasinhibited least by water-logging at this stage.3. Effects of Water-logging on Pod Yield and Yield Components of PeanutThe pod yield of the three varieties all significantly decreased after flooding at differentstages, so we concluded that water-logging at any stage was bad for peanut seed enrichingCompared with the other two stages, water-logging at pod-setting stage always had the largestyield loss, the second was water-logging at flowering stage, and water-logging at seedingstage had the least yield loss. The main reason that water-logging caused peanut productionwas that peanut reduced the number of per plant and fruit weight. Compared the threevarieties, Nongda818always had the most yield reduction whether encounter water-logging atany stage, so we obtained that this variety have the poorest flooding tolerance.4.Effects of Water-logging on Kernel Quality of PeanutThe experiment concluded that after flooding at any stage, the soluble sugar and crude fatcontent in peanut kernels were both increased, and the protein content was decreased. We alsoobtained that water-logging at pod-setting stage had the most significant effect on seed qualityof peanut, and water-logging at seeding stage had least effect on it. From the angle of fattycomposition, we concluded that water-logging at flowering and pod-setting stage bothincreased the content of palmitic acid, linoleic acid and behenolic acid and decreased thecontent of stearic acid, oleic acid, and O/L. The results were in agreement with the front, wealso drew the conclusion that water-logging at pod-setting stage had the most significanteffect on fatty composition of peanut kernels. Water-logging at seeding stage had nosignificant effect on the content of palmitic acid and stearic acid, but also decreased the oleicacid content and increased the content of linoleic acid and behenolic acid. In a word,water-logging at any stage not only had bad effect on the fatty composition of peanut, but alsodamaged the Stability of oil, then make against to preservation and untilization.