The Influence Of Nitrogen Levels On Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of The New Radiation Breeding Peanut Cultivars

This study use the radiation breeding of later generations peanut Shan G、TJ provided by breeding group of Agricultural Ecology Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,using main cultivated peanut of Fujian province Quanhua No.7as comparison. The study was verification test including pot experiment and field test to study the influence of different nitrogen levels on peanut agronomic traits, physical characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics. In the case does not affect the quality such as coarse protein content, O/L value and total amino acid content and yield of peanut seeds,it proposed to increase the quality and yield of dual-purpose peanut varieties in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance.The main findings are as follows:First, the impact of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on peanut agronomic traits: compared to the control without nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen promotes vegetative growth of peanut,but nitrogen fertilizer more than600kg/hm2play an inhibitory effect. Under different nitrogen levels, the main stem of TJ are the highest, but the number of branches of which are at least, and the number of branches of Shan G are the most, and all of the peanut have the largest number of branches at nitrogen fertilization of300kg/hm2.Second, different nitrogen levels on peanut field:at nitrogen fertilization of300kg/hm2,the seeds yield and the straw yield of three varieties of peanuts reach maximum and Quanhua No.7is the best. At the same level, the pod weight per plant, the straw weight per plant and kernek rate of three varieties of peanuts reach the highest. Under different nitrogen levels,the the weight of100pods, the weight of100seeds and kernek rate of Shan G are higher than Quanhua No.7,and TJ is the lowest.Third, different nitrogen fertilizer levels on the photosynthetic pigments content and photosynthetic characteristics:in different stages, the Chl.a content,the Chl.b content,the carotenoid conten and the Chl.(a+b) content of peanuts trend is basically the same.Compared to the three stages, the photosynthetic pigments content in pod filling stage decreased significantly, which indicated that the peanut leaf photosynthetic performance will gradually deteriorate in late growing stage.The photosynthetic pigments content and photosynthetic rate are positively related in late growing stage while negatively related in early growing stage.Fourth,the influence of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on peanut quality:on the quality of the seeds,compared with the comporison of Quanhua No.7, the coarse fat content and O/L value of TJ and Shan G are lower,and TJ is the worst.But the coarse protein content of TJ and Shan G are higher than Quanhua No.7.On the quality of peanut straw,under different nitrogen levels, the coarse fat content of Shan G is higher than TJ and Quanhua No.7while the crude ash content of which is the lowest.