The Study On The Agronomic Trait And Content Changs Of Principal Components In Different Growth Period Of Perilla Frutescens

Perilla frutescens is an annual erect herb plant, which belongs to Labiatae. Perilla is in the list of products, which serves as both food and medicine,announced by the China Ministry of Health.Our country is one of the origin of the monotypic genus Perilla. Leaf is the main medicinal organ of Perilla frutescens. This assay studies the influence of local climate on the introduced seed.Refer to the evaluation criterion of different uses with basil leaves, through the comparison of their growth、agronomic trait and the content changes of it main active principle(β-carotene、total flavonoids and volatile oil) in different growth period. Finally, the optimal varieties and best harvest time of different uses(edible and medicinal) with basil leaves.The results are as follows:1.7perilla improved varieties introduced from other province had planted, synthesizes various factors, four perilla varieties(Chongqing、Yingshan、Hebei、Gansu) which adapt to the Huanggang climate were screened out preliminary. Then compare the agronomic traits(plant height、winding number、blade numbers、leaf area、blade characteristics), we can know that the blade production of four perilla test materials were high, the blade numbers of each plant was between291-487. We can sure that the four perilla test material can be chosen as the promising edible and medicinal varieties. Though sensory quality evaluation(leaf appearance、flavor、leaf color、tenderness), the composite scores were not high, between75-85. So, for the edible perilla varieties, Gansu is the best, Chongqing and Yingshan are the second, Hebei is the worst.2.Research the β-carotene and total flavonoids accumulation in different growth period (seedling period,full flower period,deciduous period)of Purple Perilla leaf by the method of High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, respectively. It found that the content of β-carotene and total flavonoids were abundant,which peaked at4.32mg/g and62mg/g, respectively, we can sure the best harvest time for β-carotene was Full flower period, and the post-two period for total flavonoids.. 3.After analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS), the results showed that both perilla varieties and harvest time would have great influence on the content and composition of perilla volatile oil. The results shows that the content of volatile oil is the highest in the flowering period. If perillaldehyde was the evaluation index of perilla quality, the four test material were not the excellent edible variety. But for the medicinal use, the contents of carpohyllene in the volatile oil of four test material were higher, Chongqing type contents19.8%, which was the highest, then the Heibei contents19.77%, Gansu and Yingshan contents less,10.38%and8.42%, respectively. So, the four test materials can chosen as the medicinal varieties, Qongqing and Hebei were better. Through the comparison of the components and contents of Qongqing volatile oil in different growth period, contents of carpohyllene and apiol increase gradually with the plant grow. So, abscission period was the best time to gain carpohyllene and apiol.