| Cabernet Gernischt was introduced from Europe by Changyu wine corporation in19th,famous for its deep red color, flash aromas of red fruits and good qualities of wine. Was wellknown as “three Cabernet” with Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet France, This species hasbecome one of the most important wine grape varieties in China. However, the origin of theCabernet Gernischt has been regarded as a mystery. In addition, there are several differenttypes of Cabernet Gernischt strains in China, some spindling strains had poor fruitingcharacter, lots of plants carry virus result yield decrease and quality deterioration. In view ofthis, base on predecessors selection and three years observation and detection, we selectedseven superior virusfree strains with excellent fruit characters from six Cabernet Gernischtstrains of different areas; In addition, seven different Cabernet Gernischt strains, CabernetSauvignon, Cabernet Franc and the other varieties were used as materials by SSR molecularmarkers to study the genetic relationship of Cabernet Gernischt. The specific conclusions arefollowed:Twelve virusfree strains were confirmed after two-year virus detection (CG1-2, CG2-5,CG2-8, CG3-1, CG3-2, CG3-10, CG4-2, CG4-5, CG5-6, CG6-1, CG6-2, CG6-6).Seven of them were confirmed to be superior strains without virus by wine qualitiesevaluation, include CG1-2, CG2-5, CG2-8, CG5-6, CG6-1, CG6-2and CG6-6.We evaluated the fruit quality and physic-chemistry of the selected strains, and foundthat, CG1and CG2had small-sized berry, low-yield, high content of wine polyphenols (0.48mg/ml,0.55mg/ml) and dark-colored (chromaticity for4.7and5.2respectively); CG5andCG6had big-sized berry, high-yield, high sugar content (greater than190g/L); CG3is amedium strain, and the CG4had small-sized berry and low-yield, but had light-colored andlow phenolic content.The sensory of wines made by the different Cabernet Gernischt strains were evaluated.CG1and CG2were identified to be two good strains with a ruby red color, obvious fruityaroma, and good varieties typical. CG4and CG6were identified to be two poor winemakingclones, the color of CG4was too light, and the body was too thin, the color of CG6was dark,but it is too sour and poor sense of balance. CG3and CG5are simple.GC-MS was used to determine the aroma substances of different Cabernet Gernischtstrains: CG1had the lagest amount kinds of aroma substances (76kinds), CG3had the least(60kinds), CG5had the largest aroma substance content (174.49mg/L). CG1and CG2hadthe most species of Alkanes and Hydrocarbons (both19) and content (13.28mg/L and 12.2mg/L), the content of alcohols and esters in CG5and CG6wines were higher than otherclones(98.87mg/L91.06mg/L). The content of aroma components was low in CG3wineexcept the content of esters（94.2mg/L）. There were many kinds of aroma substances in CG4wine but the contents were very low.Seven different Cabernet Gernischt strains, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and theother varieties were used as materials by using a set of32microsatellite markers for SSRmolecular markers to study study the genetic relationship of Cabernet Gernischt,result showedthat:, the similarity of Cabernet Gernischt and Carmenere was98.29%-100%, which provedCabernet Gernischt was ‘Carmenere’, an old grape cultivar from France, and the progeny of‘Cabernet Franc’ and ‘Gros Cabernet’ has been confirmed, had65%similarity to ‘CabernetFranc’, which was higher than other Cabernet varieties, that’s why people consider CabernetGernischt as Cabernet Frace. |
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